A Simple Two-way Matching Model with Knowledge and Social Skills

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黃盈銘(Yin-ming Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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經濟學系

論文名稱

(A Simple Two-way Matching Model with Knowledge and Social Skills)

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摘要(中)

傳統人力資本理論認為，教育能夠提升人力資本，尤其強調知識的累積。此觀點將人力資本視為單一且同質。然而，一份於2013年進行的人力資源調查報告顯示，台灣人才短缺的原因之一為應徵者缺乏職場軟技能。因此，本研究考慮兩種類型的人力資本:知識技能與社會技能。雖然許多實證研究強調社會技能(例如合作能力、溝通技巧等)的重要性，但是甚少著墨於理論基礎。本研究建構一個包含知識技能與社會技能的理論模型，並考慮雙向失配的勞動市場，意即具備較多社會技能的個體能夠從事知識型工作，反之亦然。最後，在此理論架構下，歸納出兩個政策意涵: 首先，教育政策應隨著產業需求而與時俱進，才能降低人才短缺的現象。其次，加強人際網絡有助於減少失業的現象。

摘要(英)

According to the traditional human capital theory, education can raise one’s human capital, especially for knowledge accumulation. In other words, human capitals are considered as single and homogeneous. However, the human resources survey in 2013 indicates that one of the reasons for talent shortages is that applicants lack soft skills in the workplace. Therefore, this study considers two types of human capital: social skills and knowledge skills. Although the importance of social skills such as being cooperative and communication skills has been demonstrated by a number of empirical studies, the theoretical foundation is relatively less developed. As a result, this study constructs a theoretical framework featuring social and knowledge skills and considers a labor market with two-way mismatches. To be specific, a person with more social skills can take a knowledge-based job, and vice versa. The model also provides some policy implications. First, education sectors should advance with industrial demands to avoid talent shortages. Second, consistent with literature, network connection can relieve unemployment.

關鍵字(中)

★ 失配
★ 失業
★ 社會技能
★ 社會網絡

關鍵字(英)

★ mismatches
★ unemployment
★ social skills
★ social network

論文目次

Content
摘要 I
Abstract II
Acknowledgement III
Content IV
1 Introduction 1
2 Literature Review 7
3 Model 11
3.1 Environment 11
3.2 Value Functions and Bellman Equations 13
3.3 Matches, Mismatches, and Wage Determination 17
3.4 Equilibrium 19
4 Comparative Statics and Policy Implications 21
4.1 unemployment and vacancy structures 21
4.2 unemployment and the fraction of unemployed population type 21
4.3 unemployment and social network 22
5 Conclusions 24
References 26

參考文獻

References
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9. Di Pietro, Giorgio, and Peter Urwin (2006). “Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market,” Applied Economics, 38(1), 79-93.

10. Fortin, Nicole M. (2008). “The Gender Wage Gap among Young Adults in the United States: The Importance of Money versus People,” The Journal of Human Resources, 43(4), 884-918.

11. Freeman, Richard B. (2009). “What Does Global Expansion of Higher Education Mean for the US?” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 14962.

12. Green, Francis, and Steven McIntosh (2007). “Is there a genuine under-utilization of skills amongst the over-qualified?” Applied Economics, 39(4), 427-439.

13. Heckman, James J., and Tim D. Kautz (2012). “Hard evidence on soft skills,” Labour Economics, 19(4), 451-464.

14. Heckman, James J., Jora Stixrud, and Sergio Urzua (2006). “The Effects of Cognitive and Noncognitive Abilities on Labor Market Outcomes and Social Behavior,” Journal of Labor Economics, 24, 411-482.

15. Lindqvist, Erik, and Roine Vestman (2011). “The Labor Market Returns to Cognitive and Noncognitive Ability: Evidence from the Swedish Enlistment,” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 3(1), 101-128.

16. Montgomery, James D. (1991). “Social Networks and Labor-Market Outcomes: Toward an Economic Analysis,” The American Economic Review, 81(5), 1408-1418.

17. OECD (2013), Education at a Glance 2013: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2013-en

18. Pissarides, Christopher A. (2000). Equilibrium Unemployment Theory. Cambridge, The MIT Press.

19. Sattinger, Michael (1993). “Assignment Models of the Distribution of Earnings,” Journal of Economic Literature, 31, 851-880.

20. Teijeiro, Mercedes, Paolo Rungo, and M. Jesus Freire (2013). “Graduate competencies and employability: The impact of matching firms’ needs and personal attainments,” Economics of Education Review, 34, 286-295.

指導教授

曹真睿

審核日期

2014-6-20

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