以禁忌搜尋法為電動車共乘機制規劃其途程

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廖文町(Wen-Ting Liao) 查詢紙本館藏

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工業管理研究所

論文名稱

以禁忌搜尋法為電動車共乘機制規劃其途程
(Using Tabu Search to Solve Electric Vehicle Routing Problems for Carpool Mechanism)

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摘要(中)

近年來，溫室氣體的排放日益增加，造成氣候的劇烈變遷，這些資訊和真實影像，皆可以從國家地理頻道、世界氣象組織和聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約等機構找到最真實的環境現況。溫室氣體排放的來源當中，以交通運輸所製造的溫室氣體為主，各大車廠研發各類型的電動車來改善現階段的汽車模式，希望利用乾淨能源維護環境以及維物種多樣性。
本研究是以永續發展為核心，利用汽車共享(Car Sharing)的精神延伸這個想法。平時可以發現在一條縱貫道路上，任意兩台機車或汽車雖然在此道路上的起點不同，最後卻在某個時間點到達同一目的地。本研究建立實驗模擬機制，利用共乘(Carpool)系統理念，隨著時間派遣車輛，在運具容納量內，乘載乘客到共同目的地，進而改善停車空間不足和道路塞車等交通問題。在上述的研究背景下，參考Bruglieri等人於2015年提出的模型為本研究基礎，接著介紹為何以及如何使用禁忌搜尋法(Tabu Search)解決本研究問題。其中，純電動車(Battery Electric Vehicle，BEV)為主要模擬情境所使用車輛，同時考慮充電時間和BEV的規劃指派問題。本研究為建立在時間窗格下之途程規劃問題(Time Window Vehicle Routing Problem)。使用BEV原因為目前有許多國家已經使用該類型車輛，達到未來都市零排放(Free Emission)的目標與展望。本研究在未來發展無人電動車途程規劃時，可以提供不同運量情境分析探討，幫助決策者在設置該系統時，可以依照不同的需求模式，使用對應的參數，找到最適合的路徑指派。雖然台灣目前政策不夠完善，但為了因應未來交通運輸的新趨勢，上述觀點是值得探討的方向。

摘要(英)

Recently, the greenhouse gas emits significantly every day. No matter which National Geographic Channel, The World Climate and the UNFCCC point out the greenhouse gas which is causing the climate change. Most percentage of emission is coming from the transportation. So, the vehicle manufacturers are trying their best to invent different type of the electric vehicle for improving the different type of the vehicle. Target at maintaining the biodiversity and improving the atmosphere.
The research purpose is focusing on the concept of sustainable development and using the thought of the car sharing system extending this topic. It is easier to find out that many of cars and the motorbikes are starting on different starting point. Finally, they will go to the same ending point. This research will simulate the carpool mechanism and pick up the passenger on the way to the same ending point overtime. This research is based on the Bruglieri’s paper on 2015 and solved by tabu search method. Use battery electric vehicle to simulate this scenario and consider the recharging time, traveling time and so on. So this research will be built on time window vehicle routing problem. Although the battery electric vehicle are not main stream cars, most of the countries have set up the discount policy and incentive citizens to buy the new one. The research is also doing the parameter analysis and building the scenario on assigning the self-driving car. Someone who is official can follow different type of necessary to use the corresponding parameter do the shortest routing assignment. In Taiwan, there is not enough policy to push someone to have the battery electric vehicle. And it is still a good direction building the free emission city in the future.

關鍵字(中)

★ 共享經濟
★ 時間窗格下之途程規劃
★ 電動車
★ 禁忌搜尋法
★ 共乘機制

關鍵字(英)

★ Economic sharing
★ Time window vehicle routing problem
★ Battery electric vehicle
★ Tabu search
★ Carpool

論文目次

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄……. iii
圖目錄…. v
表目錄… vi
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究架構與流程 4
第二章文獻探討 5
2.1 永續發展 5
2.1.1 永續發展的內涵與意義 5
2.1.2 共享經濟 6
2.1.3 汽車共享 8
2.2 電動車 8
2.2.1 電動車概述 8
2.2.2 電動車目前趨勢 9
2.3 綠色運輸與途程規劃 12
2.3.1 綠色運輸 12
2.3.2 綠色途程規劃 13
2.3.3 時間窗格下之途程規劃 14
2.3.4 電動車在途程規劃的應用 15
第三章問題描述與研究方法 16
3.1 產業介紹 16
3.1.1 電動車 16
3.1.2 汽車共享系統 19
3.2 問題描述與研究假設 21
3.3 基本數學模型 22
3.4 本文研究之啟發解探討 25
3.4.1 禁忌演算法簡介 26
3.4.2 禁忌演算法記憶結構 28
第四章研究模型演算法建構 29
4.1 初始解演算法架構 29
4.2 禁忌演算法架構 31
4.2.1 禁忌演算法名詞闡述 31
4.2.2 禁忌演算法流程 33
第五章實驗測試與參數分析 36
5.1 參數分析 36
5.1.1 禁忌名單(短期記憶)長度分析 36
5.1.2 長期記憶探討 37
5.1.3 週期迭代 38
5.2 情境實驗測試 39
5.2.1 需求設置 39
5.2.2 低運量情境 40
5.2.3 中運量情境 41
5.2.4 高運量情境 42
第六章結論與建議 45
參考文獻 47

參考文獻

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指導教授

王啟泰(Chi-Tai Wang)

審核日期

2017-7-12

推文