A4032與鑄/鍛Al-1.2Mg-1Si-1Cu合金的機械性質與磨耗特性研究

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鄭偉諒(Wei-Liang Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

A4032與鑄/鍛Al-1.2Mg-1Si-1Cu合金的機械性質與磨耗特性研究

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摘要(中)

本研究應用鑄造/鍛造成型法生產Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金，並對該合金取代商用渦卷材料A4032的可能性做出初步評估。渦卷的成型受到外型限制難以適用多數的加工法，過去的研究指出，擠型材搭配鍛造成型渦卷的方法得以商用化，而擠型材的尺寸穩定性不佳及高生產成本，使該製程存在改善空間。鑄/鍛件可以彌補上述的缺點，根據過去的成果，鑄造/鍛造成型的Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu合金可得到媲美擠型材的機械性質，因此本研究將對鑄造/鍛造成型的Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu合金與商用的渦卷材料A4032合金進行各項性質的比較，並探討該合金成為渦卷材料的適用性。
本研究共採用三組材料進行測試，分別為自行調配成份之Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu合金、商用A4032 Billet及A4032擠型材，三組材料經過常溫鍛造成型及T6處理後，車製成拉伸試棒，確認材料的常溫拉伸性質達規範要求，才進行後續測試。後續的材料性質測試包括：(1)高溫(200C、350C)拉伸性質、硬度測試；(2)熱膨脹係數測試；(3)磨耗測試。測試結果顯示，鑄造/鍛造成型之Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu合金在各測試溫度下，皆能得到接近或是優於A4032合金的機械性質，且耐磨耗能力優於A4032擠型材。

摘要(英)

Cast/Forging process was used to produce the Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy in this study. The experimental results were assessed for replacing the commercial alloy AA4032, which was extensively used for making scroll. Though the extruded bar had been widely used in industry, it still has some disadvantages; including cost issue and dimensional stability due to elongated grains. The topic of searching for better material/processes is still open for researchers because the scroll possesses complex shape that is difficult to be fabricated by machining and/or by other processes. The cast/forged Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu alloy was studied to understand that this alloy can produce adequate mechanical properties to approach AA4032 alloy. This study intends to evaluate the mechanical properties at different temperatures and wear behavior between the extruded A4032 and cast/forge Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu alloy.
The base materials used in this study including Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu alloy, A4032 Billet and extruded A4032 bar. The material cubes or bars were prepare to run one pass cold forging by open die with 30-60 % reduction. The samples were removed for running T6 heat treatment. The heat treated samples then machined to be tensile test bars and then tested by tensile testing machine. Tensile properties at RT, 200C and 350C were obtained and analyses. Parts of samples were also prepared for running thermal expansion coefficient test and wear test. Experimental results indicated that the cast/Forged Al-1.2Mg-1.0Si-1.0Cu alloy produced superior tensile strength to other AA4032 sample and yielded appropriate wear resistance comparing with AA4032 alloy.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鑄造/鍛造成型法
★ 高溫機械性質
★ 磨耗

關鍵字(英)

★ Cast/Forging process
★ High temperature tensile properties
★ Wear

論文目次

摘要..........................................................I
Abstract.....................................................II
目錄........................................................III
圖目錄.......................................................VI
表目錄.......................................................XI
第一章前言..................................................1
第二章文獻回顧..............................................3
2-1 Al-Si合金之共晶矽與初晶矽簡介.............................3
2-1-1 A4032共晶Al-Si合金......................................4
2-1-2初晶矽及其細化處理(Refinement)...........................5
2-1-3共晶矽及其調質處理(Modification).........................6
2-2 Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金簡介.......................................7
2-2-1 Al-Mg-Si合金............................................7
2-2-2 Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金........................................12
2-3鋁合金渦卷簡介............................................15
2-4鑄造/鍛造製程簡介.........................................16
2-4-1鑄造/鍛造強化機制.......................................18
2-5磨耗簡介..................................................21
2-5-1磨耗概論................................................21
2-5-2磨耗機制................................................21
2-5-3影響鋁合金磨耗行為參數..................................23
2-5-4鋁合金磨耗行為..........................................24
2-6 常溫、高溫拉伸性質簡介...................................30
2-6-1低溫、高溫變形機制......................................30
2-6-2高溫下微結構變化........................................33
2-6-2-1晶粒成長..............................................33
2-6-2-2 Zener Pinning........................................33
2-6-2-3析出物粗化............................................33
2-6-2-4高溫孔穴(Cavitation)形成..............................34
2-6-3鋁合金高溫行為..........................................34
2-6-4真應力-真應變曲線.......................................37
2-6-5氫致破裂(Hydrogen Induced Cracking).....................37
第三章實驗步驟.............................................39
3-1 實驗材料.................................................39
3-2 實驗設備.................................................40
3-3 實驗步驟.................................................42
3-3-1 材料準備...............................................42
3-3-2 實驗流程...............................................45
第四章結果與討論...........................................51
4-1常溫、高溫機械性質........................................51
4-1-1拉伸性質及硬度..........................................51
4-1-2金相分析................................................54
4-1-3氫含量分析..............................................61
4-1-4真應力-真應變分析.......................................63
4-1-5 XRD分析................................................66
4-1-6斷面觀察................................................69
4-2 熱膨脹係數...............................................71
4-3 磨耗性質.................................................72
4-3-1材料損失率..............................................72
4-3-2磨耗表面分析............................................72
4-3-3縱剖面分析..............................................76
第五章綜論.................................................81
第六章結論.................................................83
參考文獻.....................................................85
附錄.........................................................93
I. 鑄造參數測試.........................................93
II. 熱間閉模鍛造及機械性質...............................98
III. 均質化處理..........................................101
IV. 常溫開模鍛造及機械性質..............................102

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指導教授

施登士(Teng-Shih Shih)

審核日期

2017-8-22

推文