電動車聯網路由演算法改良

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陳資憲(ZIH-SIAN CHEN) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

通訊工程學系

論文名稱

電動車聯網路由演算法改良

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-7-21以後開放)

摘要(中)

近年來行動裝置日益蓬勃，以前的行動裝置多數需要依靠各種基地台，而架設基地台需要有不少的資源及成本，因此近年來提出許多不需要基地台就能使用的無線網路架構，此架構被稱為隨意網路(Ad Hoc Network)。
隨意網路中，通訊裝置之間，能夠依靠彼此有傳送接收資料的能力，在有少量或沒有基地台的環境下進行通訊，而當無線通訊裝置具有移動能力時被稱為(Mobile Ad Hoc Network，MANET)。使用車輛作為節點時則會稱為VANET(Vehicle Ad Hoc Network)。
車載隨意行動網路(Vehicular Ad Hoc Network，縮寫為VANET)，是具有高度移動性拓樸的網路，允許彼此距離再100到300公尺的汽車，形成一個大範圍的網路。此種網路可以即時的進行車輛間彼此的通訊，分享彼此的車況以達到安全駕駛及預防事故甚至提供車上的娛樂服務。

然而現在現存的叢集式路由演算法，多數僅以距離或單純以能量為考量，這套用在電動車時會造成能量的損耗較高、傳送封包的成功率下降以及端到端的延遲大幅提升，使其無法提供優良的封包傳送，因此在本篇論文中提出了一個解決方法，透過在封包上增加能量標頭及改變路徑創建的廣播方式來改善傳送封包的效能，前者可透過路徑總剩餘能量及路徑的hop數來綜合考量哪條路徑為最佳路徑，後者則可減少找尋路徑時所耗費的控制封包進而減少能量上的浪費，綜合起來使此法能提高路徑的存活時間，增加封包的傳輸成功率，並且適用於較高的車速情況下。

摘要(英)

In recent years, mobile devices have become more and more prosperous. Most of the previous mobile devices need to rely on various base stations, and the establishment of base stations requires a lot of resources and costs. Therefore, in recent years, many wireless network architectures that can be used without a base station have been proposed. The architecture is called Ad Hoc Network.
In a Ad Hoc Network, communication devices can rely on each other′s ability to transmit and receive data, and communicate in an environment with little or no base station. When a wireless communication device gains mobility, it is called Mobile Ad Hoc Network( MANET). When a vehicle is used as a node, it is called VANET (Vehicle Ad Hoc Network).
The VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) is a network with a highly mobile topology that allows cars to be 100 to 300 meters away from each other to form a large-scale network. This kind of network can communicate with each other in real time, share each other′s car conditions to achieve safe driving, prevent accidents and even provide entertainment services in the car.
However, most of the existing cluster routing algorithms only consider distance or pure energy. When applied to electric vehicles, it will cause higher energy loss, a decrease in the success rate of packet transmission, and a significant increase in end-to-end delay. It cannot provide excellent packet transmission. Therefore, in this thesis, a solution is proposed to improve the performance of transmitting packets by adding an energy header on the packet and changing the broadcast method of path creation. The former can use the total remaining energy of the path and the number of hops of the path is used to comprehensively consider which path is the best path. The latter can reduce the control packets used to find the path and reduce the waste of energy. Together, this method can increase the survival time of the path and increase the transmission of packets and success rate, and is suitable for higher speeds.

關鍵字(中)

★ 車載隨意行動網路
★ 叢集
★ 無線自組網按需平面距離向量路由協議

關鍵字(英)

★ Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
★ Cluster
★ AODV

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
第一章序論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 3
1-3 論文架構 4
第二章相關研究背景 5
2-1 車聯網架構簡介 5
2-2 VANET 8
2-2-1 MANET與VANET比較 8
2-2-2 主動式路由OLSR 9
2-2-3 主動式路由DSDV 10
2-2-4 被動式路由DSR 11
2-2-5 被動式路由AODV 12
2-2-6 AODV-Based Clustering(HID) And Routing 14
2-3 VANET MAC Protocol 16
第三章系統架構與流程 19
3-1 研究目標 19
3-2 完整流程圖 21
3-3 建立群集階段 22
3-4 Gateway選擇階段 24
3-5 路徑建立階段 27
3-6 擇路選擇階段 29
3-7 路徑維護階段 34
第四章模擬與分析 36
4-1 模擬參數及流程 36
4-2 模擬與分析 38
4-2-1 模擬結果與分析(能量不足時) 38
4-2-2 模擬結果與分析(能量充足時) 43
第五章結論與未來研究方向 46
參考文獻 47

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指導教授

吳中實(Jung-Shyr Wu)

審核日期

2021-7-22

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