| 摘要(英) |
With the popularization of higher education in Taiwan, whether can education improves intergenerational mobility and enable children to develop their careers more successful in the future. This article uses the data from the "Social Stratification" questionnaire of the Taiwan Social Change Survey to analysis. The main purpose of the research is to explore whether the expansion policy of higher education helps the intergenerational social classes move upward. Considering the importance of family background to personal class acquisition, this article also explores the influence of parental education to intergenerational upward mobility under the expansion of higher education. First, this research uses probit model to estimate the probability of higher education expansion policy to the intergenerational upward mobility of social classes. Three variables are selected to measure the expansion of higher education, including the number of universities, the period of higher education expansion, and multiple entrance program. Then, we decompose samples into two groups by parental education level, lower than senior high school degree (lower education group) and senior high school degree or above (higher education group). Finally, this study analyzes observation’s subjective classes, objective classes and monthly income deeply under higher education expansion by using the Ordinary Least Squares method.
The empirical results show that the expansion of higher education basically can positively affect intergenerational upward mobility. Moreover, the effects of higher education policies which implied before 1985 is more significant. However, the multiple entrance program causes a negative downward mobility. Families with parents of lower education makes the effect of upgrading offspring’s class more significant under the higher education expansion policy, also avoiding class reproduction. The complex multiple entrance program makes observation’s class be more unfavorable to move upward with lower education level families. |
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