https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/185 Search the Channel s https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/simple-search https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/111460 title: A Study on Risk Pricing and Risk Allocation Models for PPP Projects;A Study on Risk Pricing and Risk Allocation Models for PPP Projects abstract: 公私協力（Public-Private Partnership， PPP）已成為各國推動公共建設的 重要模式，其成敗關鍵在於風險是否被妥適定價與合理分配。然而，現行 PPP 契約中風險管理研究多聚焦於風險辨識與定性評估，較少將風險轉化 為具體之貨幣價值，使契約風險的安排易流於主觀判斷，並難以因應特許經 營期間長達數十年之市場與政策不確定性。本研究旨在建立一套兼具「風險 量化」與「動態利潤分配」之 PPP 評估風險管理框架。首先，透過系統性 文獻回顧（Systematic Literature Review， SLR）依循 PRISMA 指引，自 Scopus 與 Web of Science 蒐集 2015 至 2024 年之相關文獻，並結合世界 銀行與 APMG 之 PPP 認證指南之內容，篩選出涵蓋經濟與金融、政治與 法律、建造與技術、營運與市場、環境與社會、綜合性風險共六大維度、合 計 39 項關鍵風險因子。其次，本研究提出貨幣化風險指標 ? <br> Tue, 20 Oct 2026 09:58:03 GMT https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/111321 title: 以BIM模型為基礎之傳統建築結構至預鑄結構轉換機制之研究;A Study on the Converting Mechanism of Traditional Building Structure to Precast Structure Based on BIM Models abstract: 營建產業日益增加的預鑄混凝土結構應用，反映了對於提升施工品質、生產力與永續性的迫切需求。儘管需求不斷增長，但由於高度依賴工程師個人經驗與人工解讀，從傳統現場澆置（CIP）結構設計轉換至預鑄結構設計的過程仍是主要的瓶頸。本研究旨在透過開發一套以 BIM 模型為基礎之傳統結構設計轉換為預鑄結構設計機制，以解決上述挑戰。 本研究專注於三個主要目標：（1）建立標準作業流程（SOP），將零散的預鑄專業知識轉化為系統性指引；（2）制定全面的檢核表，針對原始模型的完整性、正確性與合理性進行檢查，並結合轉換可行性評估；以及（3）開發基於 Dynamo 的自動化模組，用以驗證轉換結果的有效性，藉此減少重複性的人工檢核作業。 此外，本研究整合了以規則為基礎之對映方法與BIM 參數化建模，以確保研究能夠解決實務面臨的問題。再者，本研究透過在桃園與宜蘭的集合住宅案例研究中實施此機制，證明系統化的轉換機制能顯著減少人為錯誤與資訊落差，且本研究利用視覺化程式設計所開發的自動化驗證模組，不僅能驗證經設計轉換後之預鑄結構設計模型的有效性，，也改善了相關作業的執行效率與一致性。 總結而言，本論文貢獻了一套經過驗證的轉換機制，降低了預鑄工法的應用門檻。研究結果補足了傳統建模實務與工業化施工需求之間的缺口，為預鑄產業的數位轉型提供了理論框架與實務工具。;The increasing adoption of precast concrete structures in the construction industry reflects an urgent need for improving construction quality， productivity， and sustainability. Despite this growing demand， the conversion from a conventional cast-in-place (CIP) structural design to a precast structural design remains a significant bottleneck due to a heavy reliance on individual engineers′ experience and manual interpretation. This study aims to address these challenges by developing a structured mechanism for converting traditional structural designs to precast designs based on BIM models. This study focuses on three primary objectives: (1) establishing a standardized operating procedure (SOP) to transform fragmented precast expertise into systematic guidance; (2) formulating comprehensive checklists for initial model integrity， correctness， and rationality， alongside conversion feasibility assessments; and (3) developing Dynamo-based automated modules to verify the validity of conversion results， thereby reducing repetitive manual checking tasks. The methodology integrates the approaches of rule-based mapping and BIM parametric modeling to ensure the outcomes being useful for solving practical problems. By implementing the framework on residential case studies in Taoyuan and Yilan， this study demonstrates that a structured conversion mechanism significantly reduces human error and information gaps. The automated verification modules developed using visual programming not only enhance the accuracy of large-scale model conversions but also improve operational efficiency and consistency. Overall， this study contributes a validated conversion mechanism that lowers the threshold for precast implementation. The findings bridge the gap between traditional construction practices and industrialized construction demands， offering both theoretical frameworks and practical tools for digital transformation in the precast industry. <br> Tue, 20 Oct 2026 09:16:02 GMT https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/111317 title: 應用大型語言模型於時程網圖審查可行性研究;應用大型語言模型於時程網圖審查可行性研究 abstract: 工程時程網圖為進度規劃、控制與工期爭議判斷之重要依據，然而現行審查多仰賴人工經驗或少部分的軟體工具，且既有自動化工具亦多集中於可量化與規則式項目，對於施工邏輯、語意理解、契約一致性與工程合理性等非量化問題仍有不足。本研究旨在探討大型語言模型（Large Language Model， LLM）應用於建築工程時程網圖審查之可行性與限制。 本研究透過文獻回顧整理國內外時程網圖審查規範、自動化審查作法及工具與LLM專業應用挑戰，並將審查項目歸納為格式、完整性、正確性與合理性四類。研究以MS Project匯出之Excel資料作為模型輸入，測試LLM於時程網圖元素辨識與時程邏輯運算之基本能力，並以ChatGPT自訂GPT建構結合提示詞工程與檢索增強生成（RAG）之輔助審查系統，比較零樣本、少樣本與少樣本結合RAG之表現。 研究結果顯示，結合RAG後，模型能引用外部規範與專案資料，提升專業判斷依據與審查完整性。不過在處理排程邏輯計算相關問題時LLM尚不足以取代排程軟體與人工審查所累積的經驗，但具備輔助作業語意判讀、審查流程標準化與跨文件資訊整合之應用潛力。;Construction schedule networks are essential for schedule planning， control， and the assessment of time-related disputes. However， current schedule review practices still rely heavily on human experience or limited software， and existing automated tools primarily address quantifiable， and rule-based issues. Their ability to examine non-quantitative issues， such as construction logic， semantics understanding， contractual consistency， and engineering reasonableness， therefore remains limited capabilities. This study examines the feasibility and limitations of using Large Language Models (LLMs) for construction schedule network review. Through a literature review， this study examines schedule network review standards， automated review approaches， and challenges in the professional application of LLMs. The review items of the schedule network are categorized into four dimensions: format， completeness， correctness， and reasonableness. Using Excel data exported from MS Project as model input， this study evaluates the basic capabilities of LLMs in schedule network element recognition and schedule logic calculation. It further develops a review support system using ChatGPT Custom GPT， integrating prompt engineering and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)， and compares the performance of zero-shot， few-shot， and few-shot with RAG approaches. The research results indicate that， after integrating RAG， the model can reference external standards and project-specific information， thereby strengthening the basis for professional judgment and the completeness of the review. Nevertheless， when dealing with the issues related to scheduling logic calculations， LLMs are still insufficient to replace professional scheduling software or the experience accumulated through human review. Despite this limitation， they demonstrate considerable potential for assisting in activity semantic interpretation， standardizing the review process， and integrating information across multiple documents. <br> Tue, 20 Oct 2026 09:15:56 GMT https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/111314 title: 國內促參案契約提前終止關鍵因素分析;Analyzing the Critical Factors for Early Contract Termination of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Projects in Taiwan abstract: 近年來，隨著政府財政壓力增加及公共建設投資減少，我國積極推動促進民間參與公共建設（Public-Private Partnership， PPP）制度（簡稱促參模式），然而，由於促參模式在國內推動過程中，相關契約履約階段仍有提前終止之情形發生，顯示我國在制度設計與執行管理上仍存在盲點與挑戰。過往研究多著重於促參推動策略與成效評估，對於契約提前終止之成因探討相對不足，且缺乏對既有案例多重因果關係之系統性分析。因此，本研究旨在針對國內促參案件提前終止之因素進行彙整與分析。本研究以財政部112年度委託研究計畫所彙整之終止案例為基礎，以能夠取得資料的28件終止案例作為主要研究標的。本研究利用「模糊集質性比較分析法（fsQCA）」，探討包含民間因素、政府因素、履約問題、外部環境因素、主辦機關差異及是否為BOT案等六大前因條件之交互作用，釐清導致契約走向「非合意終止」或「合意終止」，以及「政府為主要肇因」與「民間為主要肇因」之因果路徑。研究結果發現：第一，促參案件的終止並非單一因素所致。當案件出現「履約問題」時，不論民間機構財務投入程度為何，通常皆會走向仲裁或訴訟等非合意終止途徑。第二，在制度設計上，具備高資產專屬性的「BOT 模式」隱含極高的政府被認定為主要肇因之風險；若政府於前置行政作業（如用地交付、環評）發生延宕，極易在爭議中被判定違約。第三，若要成功判定民間機構負擔完全違約責任，必要前提為「政府方行政程序無瑕疵」，任何細微的行政延宕皆可能成為廠商主張「混合過失」的依據。基於上述結論，本研究建議主辦機關在推動大型BOT案時，應設立明確的前置行政作業檢核斷點，並導入初期爭議預警機制；民間機構則應避免以消極手段構成實質違約，並在面臨外部衝擊時，善用合意退場機制。;In recent years， Taiwan has actively promoted the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) approach to attract private investment and enhance public services. However， the frequent early termination of PPP contracts reveals challenges in institutional design and contract management. Previous studies lack a systematic analysis of the complex， multiple causes behind these terminations. This study aims to analyze the critical factors contributing to the early termination of PPP projects in Taiwan. Based on 28 termination cases， this study adopts the Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) approach to explore the interactions among six antecedent conditions (private factors， government factors， performance problems， external environment factors， differences by authority-in-charge， and BOT models vs. non- BOT models)， and to identify the causal pathways leading to consensual and non-consensual termination， and termination liability. The empirical results reveal three major findings. First， the termination of a PPP project is rarely attributable to a single factor. Once contract performance issues arise， the project typically proceeds toward non-consensual termination through arbitration or litigation， regardless of the extent of the private partner′s financial investment. Second， from an institutional design perspective， the asset-specific nature of the BOT model entails a substantial risk that the government will be identified as the primary party responsible for project failure. If the government delays critical preliminary administrative procedures， such as land acquisition or environmental impact assessment approval， it is highly likely to be found in breach of contract during subsequent dispute resolution. Third， a prerequisite for assigning full liability for breach of contract to the private partner is that the government′s administrative procedures are entirely free from procedural deficiencies. Even minor administrative delays may provide sufficient grounds for the private partner to argue contributory or shared fault. Based on these findings， this study recommends that the competent authority should establish clear checkpoints for preliminary administrative procedures when implementing large-scale BOT projects and introduce an early dispute warning mechanism. Meanwhile， private partners should avoid passive conduct that may constitute a material breach of contract and should make appropriate use of consensual termination mechanisms when confronted with significant external disruptions. <br> Tue, 20 Oct 2026 09:15:31 GMT