摘要 在知識經濟時代，知識分享是企業維持競爭優勢的關鍵，但員工常因擔憂失去個人優勢而陷入知識隱藏的社會困境。本研究的目的在探討主管的悖論領導行為對員工知識分享行為的影響，並進一步檢驗「任務複雜度」在兩者關係中的調節效果。本研究採用問卷調查法，以台灣地區企業員工為對象，透過主管與部屬配對填答的方式蒐集資料，並分兩階段發放以減少共同方法變異。研究最終獲得 179 組有效配對樣本，並使用 SPSS 與 PROCESS進行統計分析。 研究結果顯示：第一，主管的悖論領導行為對部屬的知識分享行為具有顯著的正向影響。這表明當主管展現包容矛盾的領導特質時，能有效為員工創造具備心理安全感的環境，打破知識隱藏防線。第二，任務複雜度在悖論領導行為與知識分享行為之間具有顯著的強化型調節效果。具體而言，當任務複雜度較高時，悖論領導行為對知識分享的正向促進效果更為強烈；反之，在低任務複雜度情境下，其影響力則未達統計顯著水準，並依據最終研究結果，針對實務和管理層面提出建議：建議企業將悖論管理能力納入人力資源培訓計畫，並針對高複雜度任務（如研發、跨部門協作）指派具備悖論領導特質的主管，以最大化激發團隊的知識分享。;Abstract In the knowledge economy， knowledge sharing is essential for enterprises to maintain a continuous competitive advantage; however， employees often face a social dilemma where they hesitate to share knowledge for fear of losing personal competitiveness and power. This study aims to investigate the impact of supervisors′ paradoxical leadership behavior on employees′ knowledge sharing behavior， and further examines the moderating role of task complexity in this relationship. Using a questionnaire survey method， data were collected from employees in Taiwanese enterprises through a supervisor-subordinate paired design. The results indicate that: (1) paradoxical leadership behavior has a significant positive impact on employees′ knowledge sharing behavior. This suggests that when supervisors exhibit leadership traits that embrace contradictions， they can effectively create a psychologically safe environment and break down employees′ defenses against knowledge hiding. (2) Task complexity significantly and positively moderates the relationship between paradoxical leadership and knowledge sharing. Specifically， under high task complexity， the positive effect of paradoxical leadership on knowledge sharing is stronger， whereas under low task complexity， the effect becomes statistically insignificant. Based on these findings， this study recommends that organizations incorporate paradoxical management skills into human resource training programs and explicitly assign supervisors with paradoxical leadership traits to guide high-complexity tasks to maximize team knowledge sharing
