近年來營建產業面臨缺工與人力老化問題，在多專案同時施工情境下，人力配置與開工時程決策日益複雜。若缺乏系統化規劃，易造成資源衝突與成本上升。因此，本研究以公司層級為決策視角，探討多專案並行施工環境下之人力配置最佳化問題。 本研究以某建設公司三項住宅新建工程為案例，運用整數規劃建構多專案人力配置最佳化模型，整合專案開工時程決策與施工期間每日人力指派，並納入內外部人力成本差異、管理者勤務要求、員工休假制度及現場最低人力配置規範等實務限制，以整體人力成本最小化為目標。透過 LINGO 求解，並與人工排班結果進行比較分析。 研究結果顯示，本模式在滿足各項施工與排班限制條件下，可有效降低總人力成本，並提升人力配置效率與公平性。敏感度分析進一步指出，內部人力供給、薪資結構與總工期為關鍵影響因素，顯示模型具備良好之決策彈性，對中小型營建企業之人力規劃與成本控制具有實務應用價值。;In recent years， the construction industry has been confronted with labor shortages and workforce aging. Under the condition of multiple projects being executed simultaneously， workforce allocation and project start-time decisions have become increasingly complex. Without systematic planning， resource conflicts and rising labor costs may occur. Therefore， this study adopts a company-level decision perspective to investigate the optimization of workforce allocation in a multi-project concurrent construction environment. This study uses three residential construction projects undertaken by a construction company as a case example. An integer programming model is developed to optimize workforce allocation across multiple projects by integrating project start-time decisions with daily workforce assignment during the construction period. Practical constraints， including differences in internal and external labor costs， managerial duty requirements， employee leave policies， and minimum on-site staffing regulations， are incorporated into the model. The objective is to minimize total labor cost. The model is solved using LINGO， and the results are compared with those obtained from traditional manual scheduling. The results indicate that， under construction and scheduling constraints， the proposed model effectively reduces total labor costs while improving allocation efficiency and fairness. Sensitivity analysis further reveals that internal workforce supply， wage structure， and overall project duration are critical influencing factors， demonstrating the model’s decision-making flexibility. The findings suggest that the proposed approach provides practical value for workforce planning and cost control in small and medium-sized construction enterprises.
