本文以南宋《春秋》學家趙鵬飛的《春秋經筌》一書為研究核心，探討其《春秋》學的問題意識、解經方法與解經內容，藉此說明其在宋代《春秋》學中的學術特色。全文首先指出，趙鵬飛《春秋》學的出發點，在於回應三《傳》長期主導《春秋》解釋所造成的解經困境。趙氏既不盡棄三《傳》，也不盲從傳說，而是主張以「公心」面對三《傳》，並透過對《左傳》、《公羊》、《穀梁》解經內容的批評，以此瓦解其解經的權威，進而確立以《春秋》經文為核心的解經方法。其次，本文指出，趙鵬飛認為《春秋》是孔子筆削魯史以寄託「中興周室」之志的經典，其義旨主要寄寓於經文書法之中。趙氏以「以事考情而立文」說明《春秋》成書原理，並將書法視為理解孔子褒貶的關鍵。其解經方法，則是由經文書法切入，結合史事重建與事理推求，以探求孔子之義。最後，本文進一步說明趙鵬飛如何藉《春秋》之褒貶，建構其義理體系。趙氏認為《春秋》主要透過對五倫失序之事的書寫，重建以「尊尊」為核心的政治與人倫秩序，同時又藉君臣之義、夷夏之辨、王霸之別，闡發其對天下秩序的理解。整體而言，趙鵬飛《春秋》學兼具方法論自覺與義理關懷，既展現出突破三《傳》權威的解經企圖，也呈現其以《春秋》重建王道秩序的經學理想。;This thesis focuses on the Chunqiu Jingquan by Zhao Pengfei， a Chunqiu scholar of the Southern Song dynasty， and examines the central concerns， interpretive methodology， and substantive interpretations of his Chunqiu scholarship， thereby elucidating its distinctive features within the broader context of Chunqiu studies during the Song dynasty. First， this thesis argues that Zhao Pengfei’s approach to the Chunqiu arose from his attempt to address the interpretive difficulties resulting from the longstanding dominance of the Three Commentaries. Zhao neither rejected the Three Commentaries altogether nor followed their transmitted interpretations uncritically. Instead， he advocated approaching them with an “impartial mind” (gongxin). Through his critical examination of the interpretations found in the Zuozhuan， the Gongyang Zhuan， and the Guliang Zhuan， Zhao sought to challenge their interpretive authority and， in turn， establish an exegetical approach centered on the text of the Chunqiu itself. Second， this thesis demonstrates that Zhao regarded the Chunqiu as a classic compiled by Confucius through his revision of the historical records of the state of Lu in order to embody his aspiration for the “restoration of the Zhou royal house.” Its underlying meanings and judgments were primarily conveyed through the textual formulations of the classic. Zhao explained the principles underlying the compilation of the Chunqiu through the notion of “examining the circumstances of an event to discern the intentions involved， and formulating the text accordingly” (yi shi kao qing er li wen)， and regarded textual formulation as the key to understanding the judgments of praise and blame made by Confucius. Accordingly， his interpretive method begins with close attention to the textual formulations of the Chunqiu， combining the reconstruction of historical events with an inquiry into the principles and circumstances underlying them in order to uncover Confucius’s intended meanings. Finally， this thesis examines how Zhao constructed a coherent system of moral and political principles through the judgments of praise and blame embodied in the Chunqiu. Zhao maintained that the Chunqiu， primarily through its accounts of disruptions to the Five Human Relationships， sought to reconstruct a political and ethical order centered on the principle of “honoring those who are honorable” (zunzun). At the same time， through its treatment of the proper relationship between ruler and minister， the distinction between the Chinese cultural realm and the non-Chinese peoples， and the distinction between true kingship and hegemony， Zhao articulated his understanding of the proper order of All-under-Heaven. Overall， Zhao Pengfei’s Chunqiu scholarship exhibits both methodological self-consciousness and a sustained concern with moral and political principles. It not only demonstrates an exegetical endeavor to move beyond the authority of the Three Commentaries， but also reveals Zhao’s classical ideal of reconstructing an order based on the Kingly Way through the Chunqiu.
