本研究探討在多光子相位匹配條件下，五能階原子系統能否藉由電磁感應透明 形成靜止光脈衝，並分析其暗態結構、振盪動力學及引入 Rydberg dipole-dipole interaction（DDI）之可行性。透過理論推導與數值模擬發現，五能階系統具有不同 於三能階的多成分暗態，且可藉控制雷射強度調整儲存與傳播特性，並改變靜止光 脈衝壽命。此外，在部分零失諧條件下，靜止光脈衝本身會隨時間出現振盪行為。 進一步結果顯示，若欲引入顯著 DDI 效應，需破壞暗態，但此舉會削弱正反向光場 耦合，不利於高品質靜止光脈衝形成。本研究顯示五能階系統不只具有可調暗態與 特殊振盪行為，還具備在不同Rydberg 態下都能滿足相位匹配的優勢，替未來研究 光子間交互作用提供一嶄新的平台。;This study investigates whether stationary light pulses can be formed in a five-level atomic system through electromagnetically induced transparency under multiphoton phasematching conditions， and analyzes the corresponding dark-state structure， oscillatory dynamics， and the feasibility of introducing Rydberg dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs). Theoretical derivations and numerical simulations show that the five-level system possesses a multicomponent dark state distinct from that of a conventional three-level system. By adjusting the intensities of the control lasers， the storage and propagation properties of the system can be manipulated， thereby modifying the lifetime of the stationary light pulse. In addition， under certain zero-detuning conditions， the stationary light pulse exhibits intrinsic temporal oscillations. Further analysis shows that introducing a significant DDI requires a departure from the dark-state condition; however， this weakens the coupling between the forward- and backward-propagating optical fields and is therefore unfavorable for the formation of high-quality stationary light pulses. These results demonstrate that the five-level system not only provides a tunable dark-state structure and distinctive oscillatory dynamics， but also offers the advantage of satisfying the phasematching condition for different choices of Rydberg states， providing a new platform for future studies of photon-photon interactions.
