半導體產業被視為現代科技產業發展的核心基礎，也是全球最具戰略意義和影響力的產業之一。日常生活中使用的各種電子產品都依賴半導體晶片。隨著全球半導體產業向成熟製程與先進製程雙軌發展，設備供應鏈的穩定性對於保持競爭力至關重要。由於設備製造商為了降低營運成本與集中研發資源，因此逐步停止舊世代製程設備生產，這包含了8吋晶圓設備及傳統封測製程設備。此外，半導體二線企業面臨企業資本支出壓力，為了利潤皆想辦法減少支出。一些半導體公司在市場需求突然暴增時因為新機交期過長或缺貨導致必須另想辦法已快速擴充產能。二手設備憑藉其快速且具成本彈性的優勢，成為企業減少開支及擴大產能的途徑之一。 本研究聚焦於成熟封測產業，建立一套系統化的採購二手半導體設備的關鍵評估因素。由於半導體封測產業屬於資本密集且成本壓力巨大的產業，因此設備投資決策對企業的經營績效和競爭力有著至關重要的影響。然而二手設備市場面臨資訊不對稱、設備品質差異顯著以及供應商能力參差不齊等問題，導致採購決策存在較高不確定性和風險。因此，建立一個模型是非常必要的。本研究採用層次分析法 (AHP) 與決策實驗室分析法 (DEMATEL) 找出封裝測試業評選二手設備的重要標準、權重及繪出標準之直接／間接關係矩陣圖。;The semiconductor industry is considered a core foundation for the development of modern technology industries and one of the most strategically significant and influential industries globally. Various electronic products used in daily life rely on semiconductor chips. As the global semiconductor industry moves towards both mature and advanced processes， the stability of the equipment supply chain is crucial for maintaining competitiveness. To reduce operating costs and concentrate R&D resources， equipment manufacturers are gradually ceasing production of older generation process equipment， including 8-inch wafer equipment and traditional packaging and testing equipment. Furthermore， the mature Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSAT) industry faces pressure on capital expenditures and are seeking ways to reduce spending to maintain profits. Some semiconductor companies， facing sudden surges in market demand， have had to find alternative ways to rapidly expand capacity due to long lead times or shortages of new equipment. Second-hand equipment， with its advantages of speed and cost flexibility， has become one way for companies to reduce expenses and expand capacity. This study focuses on the mature OSAT industry， establishing a systematic set of key evaluation factors for procuring second-hand semiconductor equipment. Because the semiconductor OSAT industry is capital-intensive and faces significant cost pressures， equipment investment decisions have a crucial impact on a company′s operating performance and competitiveness. However， the used equipment market faces challenges such as information asymmetry， significant differences in equipment quality， and varying supplier capabilities， leading to high uncertainty and risk in procurement decisions. Therefore， establishing a model is essential. This study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Decision Laboratory Analysis (DEMATEL) to identify key criteria and weights for evaluating used equipment in the packaging and testing industry， and to construct a matrix of direct/indirect relationships between these criteria.
