過去的研究發現大腦腦波相位重置(phase reset)是跨感官整合重要的機制，在低頻的theta波(4-8 Hz)的相位重置建立跨感官時間參考點(temporal reference)，此作為跨感官整合的前導感官(leading sense)，將不同感官的資訊整合為一產生不同的知覺事件。本研究採用聲音誘發閃光錯覺實驗(sound-induced flash illusion)了解受試者的跨感官整合能力，操弄不同的聲音閃光數量以及刺激的間隔時間，同時記錄腦波並應用全息希爾伯特頻譜分析(Holo Hilbert Spectral Analysis; HHSA) 進行腦波的數據分析，釐清大腦針對視聽整合錯覺的動態變化。研究結果顯示在融合錯覺(fusion illusion) 聲音增加閃光辨認的錯誤率，腦波結果發現聲音重置額葉及頂葉的theta波而且引發跨感官整合的神經活動。分裂錯覺(fission illusion) 涉及更複雜的神經機制，聲音之間的間隔越短，越容易誘發分裂錯覺，反之聲音的間隔越長，錯覺的發生機會減少，聲音間隔較短，由聲音引發的額葉 theta 活動與枕葉 beta 活動之間出現較強的耦合，此現象可能反映與分裂錯覺易感性相關的跨區域神經溝通機制。本研究支持theta波的相位重置是兩種視聽整合錯覺的共同神經基礎，表明theta波相位重置會建立時間的參考點，作為跨感官整合時間上的依據。;Previous research has identified neural phase reset as a crucial mechanism for multisensory integration. Specifically， the phase reset of low-frequency theta oscillations (4–8 Hz) establish a cross-modal temporal reference that is associated with a leading sense for multisensory processing， merging diverse sensory information to produce unified perceptual events. This study utilized the sound-induced flash illusion paradigm to evaluate participants′ multisensory integration abilities by manipulating the number of auditory and visual stimuli as well as the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded and analyzed using Holo Hilbert Spectral Analysis (HHSA) to clarify the neural dynamics underlying audiovisual integration. The results showed that for the fusion illusion， auditory stimuli significantly increase the proportion of illusion trials. EEG findings indicated that sound reset fronto-central theta oscillations and triggers neural activity associated with multisensory integration. The fission illusion involves a more complex neural mechanism; shorter intervals between sounds were more likely to induce the illusion， whereas longer intervals reduce its occurrence. Specifically， at shorter SOAs， sound-induced fronto-central theta oscillations are coupled with occipital beta activity， which may reflect a neural communication pathway associated with fission illusion susceptibility. This study supports the possibility that theta phase reset is the shared temporal setup mechanism for both types of audiovisual illusions， establishing a temporal reference point that serves as the foundation for multisensory temporal processing.
