本文以國際電話株式會社（1932－1938）為核心個案，從企業史與技術史交織的視角，考察1930年代日本國際電信事業的形成與運作，並由此揭示國家權力、財閥資本與技術官僚三者在「國策會社」治理結構中交織運作的內在邏輯。 就日本國際電信事業的歷史條件而言，自明治以來技術能力的積累、對外通信利權的競逐，以及電信法制的整備與行政監督體系的確立，三者相互扣合，共同構成1930年代推動自主國際通信體制的結構性基礎。在此過程中，「技術民族主義」的驅動與規避西方通信壟斷的戰略意圖，賦予技術自立超越單純經濟效益的政治意涵。 就企業設立與經營而言，國際電話株式會社採取「官民合辦」的折衷模式，透過高度集中的股權配置、遞信省背景人事的制度性安置，以及公司章程中賦予主管官廳認可權的法律設計，確保國家意志在維持民營外觀的前提下得以制度化地嵌入企業結構。然而，此種雙重定位所形成的「國策性」與「營利性」之間的制度張力，隨著戰時經濟統制的強化而日益激化，最終導致該會社於1938年與日本無線電信合併，完全納入戰時通信統制體系。 「內臺通話」的開通雖被官方塑造為帝國一體化的技術象徵，然其高昂費率與語言門檻使通信服務實質上集中服務於統治階層與資本集團，呈現出以東京為絕對樞紐的中心—邊陲網絡格局，體現出殖民現代性中「進步」與「支配」並存的雙重性格。;Centering on the International Telephone Company (ITC， 1932–1938)， this paper examines the formation and operation of Japan′s international telecommunications enterprise in the 1930s through the intersecting lenses of business and technological history， revealing the internal logic by which state power， zaibatsu capital， and technocratic bureaucracy interacted within the governance structure of the national policy company. Three mutually reinforcing conditions laid the structural groundwork for Japan′s pursuit of an autonomous international communications regime: the accumulation of technical expertise since the Meiji era， intensifying competition over overseas communications rights， and the consolidation of telecommunications law and administrative oversight. Within this context， "technological nationalism" and the strategic imperative to circumvent Western communications monopolies invested technical self-reliance with political meaning well beyond economic rationale. In its corporate design， the company adopted a public-private hybrid model in which state authority was institutionally embedded through concentrated share ownership， systematic placement of Ministry of Communications personnel， and charter provisions granting supervisory agencies approval powers — all while preserving the outward form of private enterprise. Yet the structural tension between national policy obligations and commercial imperatives grew increasingly acute as wartime economic controls tightened， culminating in the company′s 1938 merger with Japan Wireless Telegraph and its absorption into the wartime communications control apparatus. The inauguration of the Mainland-Taiwan Telephone Service was officially celebrated as a symbol of imperial integration， yet prohibitive rates and language barriers confined access in practice to the ruling stratum and business interests. The resulting network — radiating outward from Tokyo as its absolute hub — embodied the dual character of colonial modernity， in which "progress" and "domination" were inseparable.
