營造業具有工作環境複雜、工期壓力高、作業風險大及人員互動頻繁等特性, 使從業人員容易承受工作壓力,進而影響其安全行為表現。過去營造業安全管理 多著重於制度規範、硬體設備及教育訓練等外在因素,個體在面對壓力時所產生 的心理反應與行為差異,亦可能影響其安全行為。因此,本研究以營造業從業人 員為研究對象,探討人格特質對工作壓力之影響,並進一步檢驗人格特質是否會 調節工作壓力與安全行為之間的關係。 本研究採問卷調查法進行資料蒐集,問卷內容包含個人資料、人格特質、工 作壓力與安全行為等量表。正式問卷共回收230份,經刪除非營造業相關從業人 員、低品質填答及離群樣本後,最終取得219份有效樣本。資料分析方面,本研 究使用SPSS進行敘述性統計與信效度分析,並以AMOS進行驗證性因素分析、 結構方程模型分析及人格特質高低分組之多群組分析。 研究結果顯示,親和性對工作壓力具有顯著負向影響,盡責性與神經質則對 工作壓力具有顯著正向影響,而外向性與開放性對工作壓力之影響均未達統計顯 著。另一方面,工作壓力對安全行為具有顯著負向影響,顯示工作壓力越高,安 全行為表現越低。多群組分析結果顯示,神經質在工作壓力與安全行為之間具有 顯著調節效果,而外向性、親和性、盡責性與開放性之調節效果則未達統計顯著 水準。 本研究結果顯示,人格特質除可能影響營造業從業人員之工作壓力感受外, 神經質亦會改變工作壓力對安全行為之影響。研究結果可作為營造業在人員管理、 工作分派、壓力管理及安全教育訓練規劃之參考,並提供未來推動差異化安全管 理措施之依據。;The construction industry is characterized by complex working environments, high operational risks, and considerable job stress, which may affect workers’ safety behavior. This study examined the effects of personality traits on job stress and investigated whether personality traits moderate the relationship between job stress and safety behavior among construction workers. A questionnaire survey yielded 219 valid responses. SPSS was used for descriptive statistics and reliability and validity analyses, while AMOS was employed for confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and multi-group analysis. The results showed that agreeableness had a significant negative effect on job stress, whereas conscientiousness and neuroticism had significant positive effects. Job stress had a significant negative effect on safety behavior. In addition, neuroticism significantly moderated the relationship between job stress and safety behavior, whereas the other four personality traits showed no significant moderating effects. These findings indicate that personality traits may influence construction workers’ job stress and that neuroticism plays an important role in the relationship between job stress and safety behavior. The results provide practical implications for personnel management, stress management, and safety training in the construction industry.