在碳捕捉技術方面，使用胺類吸收劑仍有副產物毒性與再生能耗高等問題。本研究採用NaOH作為鹼液，利用生命週期評估（Life cycle assessment， LCA）對比已落地之鹼液淋洗法技術與具備更高捕碳效率之膜接觸法，以評估兩系統之碳排放量與其他環境衝擊。使用IPCC GWP及ReCiPe 2016中間點評估進行分析，並透過敏感度分析及不確定性分析提升研究的可信度，最終根據NaHCO3產量計算經濟評估與環境外部成本（Environmental external costs， EEC）。IPCC GWP評估結果顯示電力與拉西環分別在膜接觸法及淋洗法中碳排放量貢獻最高，依據ReCiPe 2016評估結果，電力與拉西環於各項類別指標中分別貢獻約40-60%與40-80%。膜接觸法與淋洗法系統淨減碳效益分別為0.352 kg CO2 eq與0.134 kg CO2 eq。敏感度分析顯示提高膜使用壽命會降低製程之10.1%環境衝擊，使用含氟膜材料與非廢棄物鹼液分別會增加36.9%與提高5倍之衝擊影響。使用蒙地卡羅方法，整體碳排放量於95%信賴區間具有±12.4%之不確定性，臭氧層消耗潛力、電離輻射潛力、懸浮微粒形成潛力及淡水優養化潛力之變異係數約為6%。Ponsioen貨幣化膜接觸法、淋洗法與索爾維法之EEC分別為3.7元、8.5元與44.8元，True Price法則為7.7元、13.1元與59.7元。以生產1 kg NaHCO3為功能單位，膜接觸法比傳統製程（索爾維法）可減少1.3 kg CO2 eq，若應用於台灣市場10%銷售量，年減碳量可達3.9×108 kg CO2 eq/year。;Due to concerns regarding toxic by-products and high regeneration energy demand in amine-based carbon capture technologies， this study employed NaOH as the absorbent and conducted a life cycle assessment (LCA) to compare conventional alkaline scrubber and membrane contactor. Using IPCC GWP and ReCiPe 2016 midpoint indicators. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were conducted. In addition， economic assessment and environmental external cost analysis were carried out based on the production of NaHCO3. The IPCC GWP results indicated that electricity consumption and Raschig rings were the major contributors to carbon emissions in the membrane contactor and scrubber systems. According to the ReCiPe 2016， electricity and Raschig rings contributed approximately 40-60% and 40-80%， respectively， across most impact categories. The net carbon reduction benefits of the membrane contactor and scrubber systems were 0.352 and 0.134 kg CO2 eq. Sensitivity analysis indicated that longer membrane lifetime reduced environmental impacts by 10.1%， whereas fluorinated membranes and non-waste-derived alkaline solutions increased impacts by 36.9% and fivefold， respectively. Monte Carlo simulation results showed an overall uncertainty of ±12.4% for carbon emissions at the 95% CI. The CVs for stratospheric ozone depletion， ionizing radiation， fine particulate matter formation， and freshwater eutrophication were approximately 6%. Based on the Ponsioen monetization， the EEC of the membrane contactor， scrubber， and Solvay processes were estimated at NT$3.7， NT$8.5， and NT$44.8 kg/NaHCO3， respectively， while the TruePrice yielded values of NT$7.7， NT$13.1， and NT$59.7. Using 1 kg NaHCO3 as the functional unit， the membrane contactor process reduced carbon emissions by 1.3 kg CO2 eq compared with the conventional Solvay process. If widely adopted， this technology could achieve an annual reduction of 3.9×108 kg CO2 eq.
