隨著全球淡水資源短缺日益嚴重，海水淡化已成為緩解供水壓力之關鍵策略，然而 傳統脫鹽技術常面臨高能耗、薄膜污垢及濃鹵處置等結構性挑戰 。因此，開發高效、 低碳且具備優異抗鹽效能之太陽能界面蒸發（Solar-driven interfacial evaporation）技術， 已成為當前永續水資源領域的研究重點。本研究成功開發出一種結合碳黑（Carbon Black， CB）光熱吸收層與NaAMPS聚電解質水凝膠層之太陽能界面蒸發系統。實驗結果顯示， 調控光熱吸收層的碳黑量、聚電解質水凝膠層的NaAMPS添加量及其厚度，在1 sun光 照下，平均蒸發速率達到1.34 kg/m2h，光熱轉換效率達 92.69%，系統表現出最佳的能 量管理效率。在90 小時的連續操作下，未配置聚電解質水凝膠層的太陽能界面蒸發系 統其平均蒸發速率為初始值的20%，，使刮除表表面結鹽鹽，，能能升至 35%，，較之之 下，有配置聚電解質水凝膠層仍可穩定維持50%，，顯 NaAMPS誘導唐南效應（Donnan Effect）達到抗鹽結鹽之能力。在含有 10 ppm 甲苯之海水的實驗中，光熱吸收層添加 0.01%以升光觸媒 TiO2(對比碳黑重量)，所獲得蒸餾水中甲苯濃度低於偵測極限，如無 添加TiO2其甲苯濃度達44 ppm，，表示光觸媒TiO2能有效降解海水揮發性有機物。整體 而言，本研究所開發之雙層結構太陽能界面蒸發系統可達高效光熱轉換、優異抗鹽穩定 性與提至蒸餾水水質，為，散式產水提供有效解決方案 。;With the worsening global shortage of freshwater resources， seawater desalination has become a critical strategy to alleviate water supply pressure; however， traditional desalination technologies often face structural challenges such as high energy consumption， membrane fouling， and brine disposal. Therefore， the development of high-efficiency， low-carbon solar driven interfacial evaporation technology with excellent salt resistance has become a current research focus in the field of sustainable water resources. This study successfully developed a solar-driven interfacial evaporation system that combines a carbon black (CB) photothermal absorption layer with a NaAMPS polyelectrolyte hydrogel layer. Experimental results demonstrate that by tuning the carbon black loading in the photothermal absorption layer， as well as the NaAMPS content and thickness of the polyelectrolyte hydrogel layer， the system exhibits optimal energy management efficiency under 1 sun illumination， achieving an average evaporation rate of 1.34 kg/m2h and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 92.69%. Under continuous operation for 90 hours， the solar-driven interfacial evaporation system without the polyelectrolyte hydrogel layer saw its average evaporation rate drop to 20% of its initial value， and even after scraping off the surface crystallized salt， the rate only recovered to 35%; in contrast， the system configured with the polyelectrolyte hydrogel layer stably maintained 50% of its performance， clearly indicating the salt-resistant crystallization capability achieved through the NaAMPS-induced Donnan Effect. In experiments using seawater containing 10 ppm toluene， when more than 0.01% photocatalyst TiO2 (relative to the weight of carbon black) was added to the photothermal absorption layer， the toluene concentration in the collected distilled water fell below the detection limit， whereas the toluene concentration remained as high as 44 ppm without the addition of TiO2， indicating that the photocatalyst TiO2 can effectively degrade volatile organic compounds in seawater. Overall， the double-layer structured solar-driven interfacial evaporation system developed in this study achieves high photothermal conversion， excellent salt-resistant stability， and enhanced distilled water quality， providing an effective solution for decentralized water production.
