全球每年約生產4億公噸的塑膠，其中約有2000萬公噸最終進入環境。作為新興污染物，微型塑膠因其粒徑微小且比表面積大，容易吸附環境中其他污染物，並被生物誤食攝入，因此其在各類環境介質中的分布特性與行為機制日益受到重視。現今相關研究與調查多集中於水域與海洋環境，對於大氣中微型塑膠的認識仍相對有限。大氣中微型塑膠具重要性，因其能透過呼吸進入生物體內不同部位，亦能隨氣流進行長程傳輸，並藉由降雨回到陸域與水域環境。因此，透過監測大氣與雨水中微型塑膠的分布與特性，有助於了解其在環境中的來源、傳輸途徑及循環機制。 本研究於桃園地區選定市區、沿海及山區三處採樣點，進行為期一年、每季一次之追蹤監測，並於颱風影響期間額外進行採樣。樣本經有機物氧化前處理後，利用螢光顯微鏡進行定量分析，並透過μ-Raman光譜儀進行定性鑑定，以探討大氣與雨水中微型塑膠之特性及時空分布。同時，結合氣象資料進行統計分析，找出其相關性與變化趨勢，並利用氣流軌跡模式模擬並推演大氣中微型塑膠之潛在來源。 研究結果顯示，市區、沿海及山區三處採樣點均受到微型塑膠污染影響，其全年平均大氣中微型塑膠豐度分別為2.23±1.33、2.03±1.20及1.74±1.34 items/m3，整體趨勢與人為活動密集度呈正相關；而秋季雨水中微型塑膠豐度分別為2.03±1.06、1.73±2.18及1.78±1.17 items/100 mL，與同地點大氣中微型塑膠豐度呈中度至高度正相關；市區於颱風影響期間大氣中微型塑膠平均豐度為0.34±0.15 items/m3，雨水中平均豐度則為2.78±0.89 items/100 mL。形狀方面，大氣與雨水樣本中之微型塑膠皆以碎片狀(Fragment)為主，分別占54~95%及64~80%；尺寸方面，兩者皆以最小尺寸區間(10~50 µm)占比最高，分別為67~98%及68~91%。研究結果亦顯示，相較於PM10，大氣中微型塑膠較不易受降雨沖刷清除；此外，雨水中微型塑膠豐度與降雨量呈中度至高度負相關。定性分析結果則顯示，大氣與雨水中微型塑膠之聚合物組成皆以PET、PP及PA為主。;Microplastics are emerging contaminants derived from global plastic production and are increasingly found in the environment. While research has focused on aquatic systems， atmospheric microplastics remain less understood despite their long-range transport and removal via precipitation. Investigating their occurrence in air and rainwater is essential for understanding their sources， transport， and environmental fate. This study conducted a one-year monitoring campaign at three sampling sites in Taoyuan， including urban， coastal， and mountainous areas， with quarterly sampling and additional collections during typhoon events. After organic matter digestion， samples were quantitatively analyzed using fluorescence microscopy and qualitatively identified using μ-Raman spectroscopy to characterize the properties and spatiotemporal distribution of microplastics in the atmosphere and rainwater. Meteorological data were further integrated for statistical analysis to examine correlations and temporal trends. In addition， air mass backward trajectory modeling was applied to infer the potential sources of atmospheric microplastics. The results showed that all three sampling sites (urban， coastal， and mountainous) were affected by microplastic pollution. The annual average atmospheric microplastic abundances were 2.23±1.33， 2.03±1.20， and 1.74±1.34 items/m3， respectively， showing a positive correlation with human activity intensity. In autumn， microplastic abundances in rainwater were 2.03±1.06， 1.73±2.18， and 1.78±1.17 items/100 mL， respectively， and exhibited moderate to strong positive correlations with atmospheric concentrations at the same sites. During the typhoon period， the mean atmospheric microplastic abundance at the urban site was 0.34±0.15 items/m3， while the mean abundance in rainwater was 2.78±0.89 items/100 mL. Morphologically， fragments dominated both atmospheric and rainwater samples， accounting for 54~95% and 64~80%， respectively. Size-wise， the smallest fraction (10~50 μm) was predominant in both media， accounting for 67~98% and 68~91%， respectively. Atmospheric microplastics were less efficiently removed by precipitation compared with PM10. In addition， microplastic abundance in rainwater showed a moderate to strong negative correlation with rainfall intensity. Polymer analysis indicated that PET， PP， and PA were the dominant types in both atmospheric and rainwater samples.
