隨著建築節能與室內照明品質需求提升，如何有效利用自然光並降低人工照明負擔，已成為智慧照明系統之重要課題。然而，自然光會受到天候、時間與雲層遮蔽等條件影響而產生變動，若單純依靠自然光導入，室內照度可能隨外界條件變化而偏離需求範圍。因此，本文提出結合光纖導光與LED補光之室內照度控制系統，利用光纖導入自然光作為基礎照明來源，並透過LED補光降低自然光變動對室內照度造成之影響。 本研究以封閉式照明箱體作為實驗平台，將自然光導入箱體中，透過照度感測器量測箱體內部總照度，並由微控制器調整LED輸出，使總照度維持於目標值附近。LED補光部分採用PWM方式調整輸出亮度，並以PI控制器依據目標照度與量測照度之誤差調整LED輸出。本研究先透過PWM與LED輸出照度量測，分析補光系統之輸入輸出特性，並依據低PWM輸入區域之量測結果加入死區補償，其後於室內進行不同目標照度之追蹤測試與外部人工光源擾動實驗，最後將追日、光纖導光與LED補光系統整合，於實際戶外日照條件下進行短時間及長時間混合照明控制測試。 實驗結果顯示，光纖導光系統可將自然光導入封閉式照明箱並提供部分基礎照度，但其輸出會隨實際日照條件產生明顯變化。LED補光系統之PWM輸入與輸出照度並非完全線性，且低PWM輸入區域存在明顯死區，經死區補償後，PI控制器於本研究所設定之照度控制範圍內，可使量測照度維持於設定值附近。當外部人工光源突然移除或重新加入時，雖會造成短暫之照度偏差，控制器仍可透過調整LED補光輸出使總照度重新恢復至目標值附近。實際戶外測試也顯示，在自然光短時間快速變化及數小時日照持續變動之條件下，LED補光輸出可隨總照度誤差進行調整，使照明箱內總照度大致維持於設定值附近。 整體而言，本研究完成追日聚光、光纖自然光導入、LED補光及PI照度回授控制之系統整合，並驗證該混合照明系統於實際日照條件下之照度控制可行性，可作為後續自然光利用與混合照明控制系統發展之參考。;With the increasing demand for building energy saving and better indoor lighting quality， how to effectively utilize daylight and reduce the demand for artificial lighting has become an important topic in smart lighting systems. However， daylight changes with weather， time， and cloud cover. If a lighting system depends only on daylight， the indoor illuminance may change greatly and may not stay within the required range. Therefore， this study proposes an indoor illuminance control system that combines fiber-optic daylighting and LED Supplementary Lighting. Daylight is introduced through optical fibers as a basic light source， while the LED system is used to reduce the effect of daylight variation on indoor illuminance. In this study， an enclosed lighting box was used as the experimental platform， with daylight introduced into the box through optical fibers. An illuminance sensor was used to measure the total illuminance inside the box， while a microcontroller adjusted the LED output to maintain the total illuminance near the target value. For the LED Supplementary Lighting system， pulse-width modulation (PWM) was employed to regulate the LED output， and a PI controller adjusted the LED output according to the error between the target and measured illuminance. The input-output characteristics of the supplementary lighting system were first analyzed by measuring the relationship between PWM input and LED output illuminance， and dead-zone compensation was introduced based on the measurements in the low-PWM input region. Indoor tracking tests at different target illuminance levels and disturbance tests using an external artificial light source were then conducted. Finally， the solar tracking， optical fiber daylighting， and LED Supplementary Lighting systems were integrated， and short-term and long-term mixed lighting control tests were performed under actual outdoor daylight conditions. The experimental results show that the fiber-optic daylighting system can introduce daylight into the enclosed lighting box and provide part of the baseline illuminance. However， its output varies noticeably with actual daylight conditions. The relationship between PWM input and output illuminance of the LED Supplementary Lighting system is not completely linear， and a clear dead zone exists in the low-PWM input region. After dead-zone compensation was applied， the PI controller was able to keep the measured illuminance close to the target value within the illuminance control range considered in this study. When the external artificial light source was suddenly removed or added again， a short illuminance deviation occurred， but the controller could adjust the LED output and bring the total illuminance back close to the target value. Outdoor experiments also showed that， during both rapid short-term daylight changes and several hours of changing daylight conditions， the LED output could be adjusted according to the total illuminance error， and the total illuminance inside the box could remain close to the target value. Overall， this study completed the integration of solar tracking and light concentration， fiber-optic daylighting， LED Supplementary Lighting， and PI illuminance feedback control. The feasibility of illuminance control using the proposed hybrid lighting system under real daylight conditions was verified， and the results can provide a reference for future research on daylight utilization and hybrid lighting control systems.
