從西元1763年代工業革命至今，人民生活水準與經濟發展已與以往有很大差異。現今時代有人稱之為知識經濟時代，從我國經濟部智慧財產局統計可以發現，96年專利申請件數已達81,834件，與十年前53,164件相比，成長達154%，顯見在知識經濟時代，專利發明日漸受到注重。以碩博士論文而言，依教育部統計92年至97年碩博士畢業人數共計242,312人，同年間與知識管理相關論文共計4071筆，佔整體論文數1.68%，表示每100篇碩博士論文中，即有1篇與知識管理有關，顯見知識管理在知識經濟時代已成重要的研究標的。 我國自民國68年起開始有鋪面管理系統相關研究，政府單位從民國72年高速公路局開始嘗試導入相關技術。發展至今各系統中廣泛應用的鋪面平坦度已寫入施工綱要規範第02742章，對於鋪面平整度訂有相關規範，作為鋪面驗收標準之一。至於實際進行鋪面修復，是以路巡調查結果作為決策依據。然而就鋪面養護管理而言，僅依據單一指標或發生破損即進行修補，在經費有限的情況下，已不足以滿足鋪面養護管理需求，選擇優先養護路段依舊倚靠工程師的經驗判斷。然而我國現今公務人員聘用制度下，新進工程師並非完全來自鋪面專業領域，因此對於新進人員的教育訓練、經驗傳承顯得格外重要。依工程會統計94年至96年全國有關道路國賠件數有211件，佔國賠案件之38％，共造成16人死亡125人受傷，賠償六千四百多萬元，顯見對於養護品質及人員素質尚有需加強之處。 對於如何保留資深人員經驗知識，以供其他養護人員在面臨決策時，得以有參考借鏡，則需倚賴知識管理。故應於鋪面管理系統中納入知識管理，以強化鋪面養護管理決策能力，並提升養護管理人員素質。由於不同道路屬於不同養護單位所管轄，其背景差異將導致所需知識需求不同，因此若導入整體知識管理系統將所費不貲且成效有限，故本研究以建構個人化知識管理，進而提升至整體組織共用之知識管理與知識分享平台，作為鋪面養護單位建構知識管理系統之方法。並且在考量系統建構成本，針對相關軟體及程式部分，皆選用開放或免費軟體進行建構。最終以交通部科技顧問室、交通部運輸研究所、國科會及碩博士論文等研究成果為知識標的，以Taipave為架構進行知識分類與鋪面養護知識平台雛型之建構。 Since the industrial revolution at 1763, the living quality and the development of the economy has been large different. Some people called it as the age of knowledge economy. According to the statistics data of Intellectual Property Office, the number of patent application is 154 times more than it 10 years ago. It means People pay more attention at monopoly. When it is comes to master and doctor thesis, the graduated number of master and doctor is 242312 from 2003 t0 2008. And the amount of knowledge management thesis is 4017; it is 1.68% of total thesis. It shows that knowledge management has been an important research objective. Our nation has been research for pavement management system since 1979. The government institution has started to use reference techniques since 1983. The applications of pavement flat level systems were recorded at constructed forms of chapter 02742. It is a part of the pavement checking standards. The repairing of pavement is base on the result of investigation. Under the situation of limit cost, the decisions of the repairing priority were still base on the judgment of engineers’ experiences. Because not all new engineers have professional pavement skill, the training for new staffs and experience passing down is more important. According to the statistic data of PCC, there were 211 records of national indemnification which caused 16 people died and 125 people hurt from 2005 to 2007. It is 38% of national indemnifications and the total amount of indemnification is more than NT 64,000,000. How to retain the professional experiences of seniors’ which will be important would be a question for knowledge management. So the knowledge management should be a part of pavement management system in order to enhance the quality of strategic decisions and maintain technical staff. Because different kinds of roads belong to different office, the different background leads to different knowledge demands. For the above reasons, this research was base on the personal knowledge management. Then improving the space of knowledge management and sharing of whole organization as the way to construct the knowledge management system. Considering the construction cost, it would choose the opened or free software. The research results of ministry of transportation and communication、 MOTC、 NSC and the thesis will be the terminal target to construct the initial knowledge management system.
