在永續發展的原則下，環境管理的對象日益多元化，致使環境管理決策的重要性與影響力俱增。為求提升環境管理決策及執行之效益與效率，以解決複雜的環境管理與永續發展問題，如何掌握正確且完整的環境資料與資訊，遂成為當前應首先發展的重要工作之一。在資訊科技的發展下，環境資料的搜集、儲存與管理等問題已由資料庫系統的發展所解決；然而，在資料與資訊整合方法的部分，卻仍無太大的突破與進展。其原因主要是在於傳統的關連式資料庫與地理資訊系統，並無法有效描述、代表及重建真實世界動態變化的事物與景象，亦無法在物件化與分散式的網際網路中有效交換與整合環境資料與資訊；而近幾年所發展的物件導向資料模式、物件導向關連式資料模式等雖已使資料儲存結構更貼近真實世界的運作模式，卻仍無法確切有效滿足永續環境管理所需環境資料之有彈性與系統化整合需求。透過以污水處理廠運作管理及固定污染源整合污染管制為例的分析與探討，本研究所發展之基於系統思維之考量原則、結合物件與事件演變觀念的系統化物件事件資料模式，不但可系統化地配置真實世界存在事物的四維時空變化之紀錄外，亦能夠滿足視需求、有彈性地透過網際網路運作機制整合分散式組織分工架構下建置與維護的各類既有資料庫，根本解決資料交換及整合問題。 Environmental problems are complex systemic problems, which can only be solved effectively with systems thinking. This means that, in the process of problem solving, information of the involving human-natural system’s structure, attributes, behaviors, relations and their dynamic changes are required for systematical analysis and problem solving. The current data models, such as relational data model, object-oriented data model, object-relational data model and object-event data model, can be used to organize certain data and are generally used by enterprise database system. However, they are not efficient and effective enough for collecting and integrating environmental data to generate the information mentioned above. In this study, a systematic object-event data model based on object-oriented thinking and systems thinking has been developed, which is more able to systematically collect and integrate environmental data. Comparing with a developed relational database through two case studies for industrial wastewater treatment plant management and integrated point source pollution management, it is shown that the SOE database is more comprehensible and flexible for data access and integration at different levels with its embedded systematic logics. Data distributed in diverse SOE databases are more capable to be significantly integrated to provide adequate information for better utilization in emergent environmental modeling or knowledge mining tools, such as declarative modeling, semantic modeling, and agent-based software or information systems.
