論道德知覺理論與關懷倫理學之奠基; On the theory of moral perception and the foudation of Caring Ethics

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题名:	論道德知覺理論與關懷倫理學之奠基;On the theory of moral perception and the foudation of Caring Ethics
作者:	曾恬欣;Tian-sin Tseng
贡献者:	哲學研究所
关键词:	關係脈絡;道德主體;關懷倫理學;道德知覺;moral perception;Caring Ethics;moral subject;relationship;context
日期:	2010-06-21
上传时间:	2010-12-08 14:06:43 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	倫理學理論發展至今，在當代所面臨的最大的困境之一即是如何將理論加以有效地實踐於日常生活之中，實際地解決人類所面臨的道德問題。然而在檢視傳統以原則為基礎的道德思考模式時可以發現到其最大的弱點即在於僅只訴諸於可普遍化的道德法則作為行道德行動之依據，將整個道德進路的焦點集中在人類所歸納出來的原則之上，卻忽略了真正能夠主宰道德領域的是道德主體本身，而非人類所制定的原則。關懷倫理學即是強調以道德主體作為整體道德結構的出發點，特別注重人與人之間的關係脈絡與個人特殊的需求，並且也包含著道德主體在關係中對於責任的承擔以及情感的回應。雖然關懷倫理學的整體方向是如此，但是對於產生關懷的動機卻並沒有賦予適切的哲學性奠基。因此筆者試圖以道德知覺能力作為關懷倫理學的立論基礎，首先將道德知覺此一道德能力的組成要素說明清楚，之後再藉由道德知覺能力來為關懷倫理學奠定基礎，解釋道德主體轉變為道德行動者的主要動機為何。 One plight of contemporary ethics is how to practice the ethic theory in our daily life and how to solve the moral problems that the human actually face. But after inspection, we can find the main weakness of traditional principle-based moral theories is that they just only resort to universalized moral laws as the basis of moral agency and only focus on the principles that are concluded by human beings as the key points of moral process. They ignore that the moral subject, the human being, is the very one to dominate the whole moral field, rather than the principles that the human set. Taking the moral subject as the starting point for the whole moral structure is the key points of Caring Ethics, and Caring Ethics also emphasizes the relationship between individuals, the situation in the context, individual needs, and moral subject responsing to their affection and responsibility when in some relationship. Even though Caring Ethics has such a perspective, it doesn’t give the appropriate philosophical basis as the motive of caring-action. So I try to take moral perception as the basis of Caring Ethics. In the beginning, I clarify the element of moral perception, and then explain the major motive that inspires a moral subject to transform into a moral agent.
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