| 摘要: | 太陽電池產業晶柱切割製程廢切削液目前無有效且經濟的處理方法，大都以焚化、熱處理方式處理，惟效果不彰且浪費資源，本研究藉由分離廢液中的不同成分，探討回收可行性，以有效減少資源耗竭、環境污染，達到廢棄物資源化回收再利用。 廢切削液成分分析，結果顯示其組成成分單純，主要為二乙二醇、碳化矽、矽粉末和其他少量雜質，約70％屬對有價資源物質。廢切削液可經沉澱、或加絮凝劑混凝、或板框壓濾機過濾等固、液分離程序，將分離後的液體再以操作溫度160 ℃與壓力選在100 mmHg為最佳操作參數，作減壓蒸餾，即可達到資源化成品。而固體部分經800 ℃燒結亦可成為資源化產品。回收的二乙二醇產品，平均含水率在1％以下、色度在APHA 30以下、濃度近99％、而價格只有新品價格的60〜70％，品質均為市場可接受範圍，是具競爭力產品。本研究回收廢切削液內含的二乙二醇與碳化矽，總計回收率為69.3％，初步估計其回收的經濟效益為：蒸餾１公斤成本 3.10元、利潤 5.77元；回收的環保效益，除廢棄物減量外，並每公斤可減少1.3㎏二氧化碳排放，由實驗與實廠操作的數據分析，驗證回收比焚化及熱處理更為有利。 In early years, there was no effective and economic handling solution for such waste in addition to incinerating, heat treatments mostly, such handling methods were ineffective and would waste more other resources. The present study explores the recycling possibility by means of extracting elements in the waste liquid, in order to reduce the consumption of energy, environmental pollution, thereby promoting the recycle of waste. The composition of waste liquid appears to be simple, mainly including ethylene glycol, silicon carbide, silicon powder and small amount of other impurities, around 70% of that belong to valuable substances. By means of static depositing, or adding polymer to mix, or using compress-filter to filter and solidify, separate,then,executing pressure-reducing distillation at 160℃ and 100 mmHg of pressure, such waste liquid can be regenerated to useful chemical resource. The solid part can also be recycled at 800℃ of ore-sintering. In this study, the overall recycling rate of ethylene glycol plus silicon carbide is 69.3% from the cuttin waste liquid, therefore a preliminary estimation of its economic effects concerning recycling are: cost NT$3.10 for 1.0 kg of distillation, profit NT$5.77; in addition to the advantages of environmental protection and waste reduction, 1.3 kg of CO2-exhausting reduction per kilogram can be achieved. The present method is verified to be more profitable than incineration and heat treatment through data analysis obtained from experiments and physical tests in factory. |
