環境影響評估 (Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA)系統自1960年代開始發展，目的在對具有環境影響潛勢的開發行為進行評估並規範後續責任，我國自1993年實施環境影響評估法後，開發行為皆須進行環境影響評估。 本研究以桃園縣21個都市計畫區為例，使用都市環境熵(Urban Environmental Entropy, UEE)作為環境現況計算模式，以2007~2009年桃園縣環保局之空氣測站、河川測站檢測資料及桃園縣主計處之人口、垃圾清運量等統計資料，選取空氣污染指標、河川污染指標、重金屬、磷含量、每人每日垃圾清運量為環境影響因子，以標準差權重法計算各因子之權重，將研究對象依地理位置及產業結構分為8個沿海都市計畫區以及13個縱貫都會區進行環境影響評分，並探討各都市環境因子變化。 結果顯示，桃園縣都市計畫區的環境因子以RPI、磷含量、重金屬為變化較大的環境因子。大部分都市地區UEE值為負數，顯示整體環境逐漸改善。桃園縣沿海都市計劃區以大園及草漯的UEE值為最低負值，都市環境影響改善程度較佳；推測原因為桃園縣環保局的有效稽查鄰近觀音、大園工業區的工業排放使排放源降低。大竹UEE值最接近正值，推測因當地農業活動及鄰近小型工廠排放汙染造成環境影響。桃園縣縱貫都會區以中壢的UEE值為最低負數值，都市環境改善程度較佳，主要原因為桃園縣環保局老街溪整治計畫及沿岸工廠稽查有效降低污染源的排放。龜山之UEE為正值，表示相對於其他都市環境汙染較嚴重，且連帶影響使南崁溪流域下游都市桃園、南崁數值較高。本研究之評分系統未來將可應用於其他地區都市開發環境影響評估之用。 The EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA) system was developed since 1960’s, the aim of EIA is to assess and regulate the follow-up responsibility for the potential environmental development. Started from 1993, the Environmental Impact Assessment Act was implemented in Taiwan. Each urban development project is required to pass environmental impact assessment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate current situation of urban development. 21 urban planning areas at Taoyuan County were chosen for this study. Urban Environmental Entropy (UEE) was used as environmental indicator for model assessing. Data analyzed include air and river monitor data from 2007~2009, statistics data achieved from the Department of Accounting and Statistics, Taoyuan County Government. Selected indicators include Pollutant Standard Index (PSI), River Pollutant Index (RPI), heavy metals, total phosphorus and cleared garbage volume per person per day. In addition, standard deviation weighting (SDW) was used for the calculation of each environmental indicator. 21 urban planning areas of Touyuan County include 8 coastal urban areas and 13 city areas were selected for this study. The results show that UEE values for most of the urban areas are negative which implied the improving environmental quality. For coastal urban areas, UEE values in Tsao-Ta and Da-Yuan are the lowest which illustrate the most improved environmental quality. However, Da-Ju exhibits a close to positive UEE value, which can be attributed to agriculture actives and pollutant emission. As for city areas, the lowest UEE value is in Jhong-Li, probably because of the remediation plan of Old-street River and strict inspection of factory emission. On the other hand, Gue-Shan exhibits a positive UEE value which indicates more serious pollution than other cities. The UEE model can be applied to assess other urban planning in the future.
