在過去的二十年間，液滴在水平固體表面遷移行為受到許多人的廣泛關注，因為相關的基礎研究可被被廣泛應用在工程、生物與化學等領域，液滴遷移行為的應用，需要有效的控制並且精確的操縱液滴的運動特性，因此，需要更深入探討及瞭解影響液滴遷移行為的物理機制。液滴的遷移行為主要是由表面張力的變化所驅動，而表面張力可以透過各種方法來改變，最常被應用的方法是利用溫度場來產生表面張力，這是由於表面張力對溫度有較為敏感的線性變化。本計畫透過有限元素法完成耦合求解 Navier-Stokes 方程式與能量方程式之數值模擬，藉由使用層集函數、ALE 運動描述法與連續表面力來模擬液滴移動與液氣界面變形的物理現象。並搭配實驗觀測來探討液滴尺寸的變化、不同的滑移長度與邊界距離對液滴遷移行為的影響，接著，再進一步研究三維液滴的遷移現象。希望經由本研究，對液滴遷移物理機制有更深入瞭解。From the last two decades until now, the migration of liquid droplet on a horizontal solid surface had been paid widespread attention from many people. It was because these fundamental phenomena could be applied in the fields of engineering, biology, and chemistry. Usually, the applications of droplet migration required effective and accurate control of droplet moving behavior. Therefore, the deep investigations and understandings for the physical mechanisms of droplet migration were needed. The migration of droplet was mainly driven by the variation of the surface tension at the liquid/air and the liquid/solid/air boundary. The surface tension could be changed by various techniques. The most popular method was using temperature filed to generate the surface tension gradient. This was due to the sensitivity of surface tension with a wide range of temperature. In this study, numerical calculations are carried out by solving the Navier-Stokes equation coupled with the energy equation through the finite element method. The conservative level set method, arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method, and the continuum surface force method are employed to simulate the physical mechanisms of droplet movement and deformation of the droplet/air interface. The results would combine with the observation of experiment to investigate the influences of the droplet size, slip length and boundary distance on the droplet migration. Then, the three dimension of droplet migration phenomenon is further researched. Through this study, the physical mechanism of droplet migration will be investigated deeply. 研究期間：10008 ~ 10107
