| 摘要: | 本篇論文是關於饒邑王氏家族客家話的方言研究；以語音及詞彙作為研究的方向，實
際調查大陸與台灣兩地語音和詞彙的狀況。語音除了兩地的聲、韻、調系統外，也探討連讀
變調及音節結構的分析。本文以田野調查為主，以文獻探究為輔，透過田野調查法、描寫語
言法、比較音韻法，整理出目前饒邑王氏家族客家話的概況。
本論文共分為六章。第一章為緒論，說明本論文的研究動機與目的、研究範圍和研
究方法、文獻探討。第二章是針對饒邑王氏家族客家話在大陸及台灣兩地的平面語音系統分
析，分別就聲母、韻母、聲調和連續變調來做共時比較。第三章是饒邑王氏家族客家話和中
古音韻的比較；針對兩地語音的特點，將饒邑王氏家族客家話與《切韻》系韻書所代表的中
古音韻從聲母、韻母和聲調三方面進行比較，探討當中的演變過程，以整理出其語音特點。
第四章則總結歸納出饒邑王氏家族客家話聲、韻、調的特點。第五章是透過詞彙的比對分析
及特殊詞的介紹，了解饒邑王氏家族客家話詞彙的變化概況。第六章是結論，綜合上述的語
音、詞彙的結論。經由以上的比較，深入了解饒邑王氏家族客家話的音韻特徵。
透過研究結果比較出饒邑王氏家族客家話的音韻、詞彙有存古的地方，也有創新的變化。
聲母方面，保留重唇音、舌上音；精莊知章四組聲母的疊置變化；韻母方面，元音高化，趨
向 -e、-? 元音演變；在閩方言干擾下，所加入的音韻結構；聲調方面，陽上歸陰平、陰去
歸陰上。語言的變化明顯是受到閩方言、國語（普通話）及其它客家次方言的影響。
文化是需要透過語言承傳下去的，為了讓所有客家次方言有詳實的語料，希望透過調查
研究，初步整理饒邑王氏家族客家話的概況，充實客家研究的內涵，讓客家文化能永續發展，
也能提供作為日後研究比較的基礎。
This thesis is about the Hakka dialect of the Rao Yi Wang family, as the direction of research from the speech and the vocabulary, and physically investigated the region. Speech in addition to sound, rhythm, and tone system, also inquires in the variety of reading and the analysis of syllable structure, this text regards field research as primary and takes documents as to secondary, to use a field research method, descriptive linguistic method, comparative phonology method, finishing out of the current Hakka dialect of the Rao Yi Wang family survey.
This thesis is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction, a description of this thesis of motive and purpose, range of research and the research method, documents research, historical background overview. Chapter 2 is the flat surface speech system of the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka dialect respectively consonant, vowel, tone and the variety of reading, the difference between literary language and vernacular to do a comparison at the same time. Chapter 3 is Hakka dialect of the Rao Yi Wang family and Hakka phonology, for characteristics of voice, espectively dialect and the cut rhythm of rhyming represents and Hakka phonology comparisons, from the initial consonant, vowel and tone three aspects and sound system of the cut rhyme to contrast of ancient to modern Hakka the Rao Yi Wang family phonetic evolution, to find lasting change, outlined the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka voice features. Chapter 4 is the characteristics of the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka dialect. Chapter 5 is through comparative analysis of vocabulary and a special word of introduction, understanding Rao Yi Wang's family Hakka vocabulary change profiles. Chapter 6 as conclusion, integrated voice, vocabulary, conclusion. From the above, we can deeply understand the rhyme’s characteristic of the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka dialect.
Results of comparing the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka phonology and vocabulary are retained and innovative changes. In initial consonants, with weight lip, tongue tone, superposed change from four groups of consonants Jing Zhuang Zhi Zhang
in vowels, vowels high, trend -e,-? vowel evolution
in Min dialect interference, the added phonological structure
in voice, Yang Shang to Yin Ping, Yin Qu and Yin Shang union. Language change is obviously affected by Min dialect, Mandarin (Putonghua) and other sub-dialects of Hakka.
Culture is handed down by language. In order to allow all Hakka dialect coverage once the corpus, and hope that a preliminary investigation on finishing the Rao Yi Wang family Hakka dialect, let the Hakka culture more sustainable development, to provide for future research on the basis of comparison. |
