| 摘要: | 中國大陸沿海在1980年代經濟改革開放之後，在中央政策屬意東部先行發展的背景下，逐漸成為跨國企業投資生產的重要據點。隨著經濟的發展，東部地區土地、勞動力等要素成本不斷上漲，逐漸出現生產要素供給趨緊、產業競爭力減弱、經濟效率下滑等問題。這些問題不但制約了東部地區企業效率的提高，而且影響經濟的持續成長。
本文將就台商企業在中國大陸跨域投資的區位選擇與轉移作一初探性的分析，希望藉以了解台商在中國大陸投資佈局的轉變與其所顯示之意義。臺灣中低端IT產業由「成本」和，「規模」驅動的擴張路徑，開始在東部沿海地區遭遇瓶頸，加之金融危機的影響和威脅的加大，在英特爾、富士康、惠普等業界巨頭紛紛領銜電子企業內遷時，引發台商IT產業集群轉移。
本文將以鍵盤製造大廠—達方電子作為研究對象，從不同的面向探討台商前往西部進行投資的原因以及成效做進一步的分析，並且探討整個IT電子產業西進的相關因素。研究發現除了成本之外，當地政府大力推動之外、產業群聚的效果、交通運輸、人才優勢、市場潛能等因素更是台商西進的主要動能。
After the economic reform and opening up in 1980s, the central policies of PRC government were the development of the eastern China, and gradually became the important bases of the MNEs invested in China. With economic development, the costs of the land, labor and other factors in eastern China were rising, the potential for supply disruption of production factors is serve. Industries became less competitive, and the declining of economic efficiency led the companies in Eastern China lack of efficiency.
The research tried to analysis the location choice, and the cross-border investment of Taiwan Companies in PRC, and the changes of the Taiwan Companies’ investment layout. The expansion of the Taiwan’ s low-end IT industries depended on the costs and the scales, however, it encountered the bottlenecks in the eastern China. Furthermore, along with the influences of the financial crisis, Intel, Foxconn HP moved their production bases into western China, and these movements also led the transference of the Taiwan IT industries clusters.
The research analyzed the main company in Keyboard industry- Darfon electronics, and tried to discuss from different aspects that the Taiwan Companies invest in Western China. The research showed that in addition to the costs, the promotion of the local government, the effects of industrial clusters, the transportation, the advantages of the talent, market potential are the major factors that triggered the Taiwan Companies enter the Western China |
