| 摘要: | 近年來由於原油價格不斷上漲，再加上「京都議定書」對溫室氣體排放之全球性管制，促使世界各國開始重視各種新能源與替代性能源，自2004年起太陽能光電產業蓬勃發展，整個供應鏈從上游的多晶矽材料、矽晶圓、太陽能電池、模組到下游的系統安裝，所有產能都呈現30%的年複合成長率，因此國內廠商在太陽能光電產業尚有很大的成長空間。
本研究在於探討台灣太陽能光電產業內各公司其經營績效之評估，應用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)找出單一指標，藉由效率值來判斷各公司在經營上其投入與產出的改善的方向，以作為專業經理人在擬定重大決策時判斷的依據。同時找出產業中標竿企業，了解其最佳經營績效的投入與產出，以作為未來有意跨入此產業廠商之參考。
研究對象包括四家上市上櫃的矽晶圓廠商及四家上市上櫃的太陽能電池廠商，資料期間為2005至2007年，所選取的評估指標包括營業成本、資產總計、營業費用三項投入變數及營業毛利、營業收入二項產出變數，評估方法採用資料包絡分析法(DEA)與Malmquist生產力指數，以瞭解各台灣太陽能光電業者的相對經營績效率與跨年度績效變化之情形，並且從計算結果之分析與討論提出經營績效改善建議。
;In recent years, the crude price rose unceasingly, in addition “the Kyoto Protocol” globally control the greenhouse gas emissions, urged various countries to start to take each kind of new energy and the vicarious energy. From 2004 on, the photovoltaic industry vigorous development, the entire supply chain from the upstream polycrystalline silicon, the silicon wafer, the solar cell, the module to the downstream system installation. All throughputs have over 30% year compound growth rate, therefore the domestic manufacturers in photovoltaic industry will have a very big growth space.
This research focus on discusses in Taiwan photovoltaic industry appraisal of the various companies its management achievements, applicating Data Envelopment Analysis to discover the sole index, by means of efficiency value to judge various companies in the management its inputs and outputs with the improvement direction, as a judge basis when the specialty draws up the major decision. Simultaneously discovers in the industry the benching mark enterprise, understood that its best management achievements the inputs and outputs, as the reference of who will intend to stride in this industrial in the future.
The object of study including four silicon wafer manufacturer and four solar cell manufacturer in market, data period is from 2005 to 2007, the selected appraisal target including three inputs: the overhead cost, the property grand total, the working condition, and two outputs: gross profit , revenue. Using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index(MPI) as the appraisal method to understand each Taiwan photovoltaic industry entrepreneur's relative management achievements and the situation of cross year achievements change, and to submit the management achievements improvement proposal based on the analysis and the discussion from the computed result. |
