科氏企業(Koch Industries)為北美最大的私人公司，其成功原因是由現任董事長兼執行長Mr. Charles G. Koch所發展出的「基於市場機能的管理哲學 (Market Based Management, MBM)」。但該公司在亞太地區的績效始終無法達到預期。 研究者希望透過Hofstede所提出之五個文化構面 (Dimensions of Culture)的角度探討科氏企業在亞洲績效不如預期之原因，而研究方法則為同時使用研究者個人過去在科氏企業旗下之案例公司工作經驗進行探討，以及使用問卷方式瞭解案例公司中員工對MBM管理哲學之偏好以及其文化構面之傾向。 個案研究發現，MBM管理哲學在亞洲遭遇困難的原因可能在於整體文化較傾向於集體主義，且階級間權力距離較高；而在問卷分析部份，本研究發現傾向MBM管理哲學的員工在文化構面的傾向是「低度權力距離、低度不確定性規避、高度個人主義、傾向女性主義以及短期導向」，其中女性主義部份與本研究之假設不同，原因可能是MBM中關注客戶、謙虛、尊重等原則傾向女性主義之關係。在職級部份，本研究也發現在案例公司中低階人員的權力距離與個人主義較高，但對MBM的認同最低。 本研究的主要貢獻在研究過去並未有任何學術研究的MBM管理哲學。並使用個案研究以及問卷分析方式驗證在國外實務上成功的管理哲學在亞洲地區無法順利推行之文化構面因素。這樣的研究成果可以使推行MBM之科氏企業或其他欲推行之企業了解在不同的文化中推行MBM可能遭遇之問題。 ;Koch Industries is the largest private company in North America, the key success factor of the company is the implementation of Market Based Management (MBM) philosophy developed by current chairman and CEO, Charles G. Koch. But the performance of MBM philosophy execution in Asia is not as good as expected. This research tries to find out the causes of such underperformance by focusing on five dimensions of culture introduced by Hofstede. The methodologies are case studies by studying the cases of working experience in Koch Industries of researcher and surveying the preference to MBM philosophy and their tendence to the five culture dimensions of the case firm employees. From the case study, the difficulties encountered when implementing MBM philosophy in Asia might be caused by tendence of collectivism and higher power distance between hierarchical relationships; and from statistical analyzing, the tendence to five culture dimensions of the employees who have preferrence to MBM are “low degree of power distance and uncertainty avoidance, high degree of individualism, tendence of femininity, and short term orientation.” Researcher refers the reversed result of hypothesis in terms of masculinity to the guiding principles, the reason could be the attribute of customer focus, humility and respect of MBM guiding principles are having the tendency to femininity. This research also find that low level employees in the case firm are having higher degree of power distance and individualism, but aren’t advocates of MBM. The contributions of this research are the first introduction of MBM philosophy study in the academic world and use of survey to verify the factors in dimensions of culture leading underperformance of MBM, which has proven performance in USA, in Asia. The result of this research may help Koch Industries or other companies interested in implementing MBM philosophy to understand the potential difficulties they may encounter when implementing MBM philosophy in different culture environment.
