| 摘要: | 系列一成功合成出含isoxazole、oxadiazole之1a、1b，證實相異雜環對於液晶行為有極大影響，越趨向線性之結構，其液晶行為表現較佳，並成功培養出1a單晶結構，利用單晶系統得知分子間作用力如何誘導出液晶行為， 1a、1b皆為SmA液晶相，exocyclic angle的差別，造成分子構型的差異，進而影響其液晶行為前者為雙向型液晶，後者則為單向型液晶，且1a液晶相溫度範圍較1b廣泛許多；而化合物1c與1d則是探討改變外部側鏈基對於液晶行為之影響，發現桿狀液晶的1c，增加烷氧鏈形成1d其液晶相也隨之變成盤狀液晶，並利用培養出1c之單晶結構得知其於液晶相時排列，且利用此晶體搭配1d之PXRD可以推得1d於液晶相中組成tetramer成盤狀結構，進而形成盤狀液晶。
系列二合成設計出含醛官能基之雜環結構，並且利用Schiff base反應合成出桿狀液晶4a，並增加苯環硬核中心形成5a，觀察得知5a液晶相溫度範圍較4a廣，再利用4a、5a單晶結構，發覺4a、5a分子主要是利用上、下層分子間吸引力作為誘導液晶相的主要作用力，以及4a分子穿插方式排列，作用力較容易被破壞，是影響澄清點以及液晶相範圍之根據；而增加4a、5a外部側鏈基形成4b、5b液晶相轉變成盤狀液晶，利用PXRD得知盤狀結構是由雙分子所組成。
系列三主要是利用合成出的含雜環之diketone結構，與銅、鈀金屬鍵結形成錯合物，原先配位基6a屬於桿狀液晶，而配位基6a’則為結晶相，與金屬鍵結後，6a金屬錯合物維持桿狀液晶性質，但是澄清點會大幅提升，而原本結晶相之6a’鍵結金屬後，誘導出盤狀液晶特性，並透過硬核中心結構相同之化合物6單晶，得知6a以isoxazole與diketone形成分子間氫鍵形成桿狀液晶，同時培養出6a銅錯合物單晶，發現此氫鍵隨著金屬鍵產生而消逝，錯合物中主要是以上、下分子相互吸引堆疊為主要作用力，而6a’錯合物，由PXRD算出其一個分子即為一個盤狀結構。
系列四主要是探討含相異雜環分子液晶相表現，微觀去觀察雜環如何影響液晶行為，先藉由含不同雜環之diketone結構6a、6b、6c，細部探討isoxazole、oxadiazole、pyrazole於分子堆疊、分子間作用力對液晶行為之影響，接著再以不對稱雙雜環結構，進一步探討雙雜環系統與先前結果是否一致，並透與6b相似之6b單晶、7a、與7c相似之7c’單晶結構，研究雜環可以形成、誘導出何種作用力並模擬出液晶相時排列。
;In the first series, four new series of unsymmetric isoxazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were prepared, characterized and their mesomorphic properties investigated. Isoxazoles were obtained by condensationcyclization of –diketones with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in refluxing THF, while 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were obtained from hydrazine–carboxylate in refluxing POCl3. Two single crystallographic structures were determined by Xray crystallographic analysis. A correlated dimeric structure was formed by Hbonds in isoxazoles 1a (n = 6), leading to an more elongated structure required for the formation of mesophases. All compounds 1ac formed N, SmA or/and SmC phases. In contrast, compounds 1d exhibited columnar phases, and an Ncell = 14.6 obtained from powder XRD data indicated that a correlated structure formed by four molecules was probably induced in Colh phases. The better mesomorphic behavior formed in 1a than 1b might be attributed to stronger intermolecular interactions and higher polarization induced in isoxazoles 1a.
In the second series, A new system of isoxazole contaning function group of aldehyde, performed reaction of Schiff base then exhibiting mesomorphic properties was synthesized and their mesomorphic properties examined. 4a and exhibited N, and SmC phases. Increasing alkoxy chains would transform rod like liquid crystal to columnar phases. Two single crystallographic structures were determined by Xray crystallographic analysis. Both CH-π interaction and π-π interaction were discovered in structure 4a (n = 6) and 5a (n = 6),which is critical force to maintain mesogen formed.
Metallomesogen is major sublect in third serie, a new type of mesogenic heterocyclic of ligand with diketone group exhibited N, SmC phase, Their mesomorphic behavior was dependent on the carbon lengths attached. The crystallographic structures of similar structure with 6a amd copper cmplex of 6a and were determined by Xray crystallographic analysis. Discovered when ligand form mesogen combining hydrogen bond which would disappear when metal bond formed.
In this work, the synthesis, characterization and mesomorphic properties of a new series of compounds 1- 2 are described. These compounds contain two heterocyclic rings, one pyrazole and the other isoxazole. These compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. A single crystal of the mesogenic compound 2 (n = 6) suitable for crystallographic analysis was obtained and its crystal and molecular structure was determined by means of X-ray structural analysis. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, with a = 11.1719(2) Å, b = 14.2409 (3) Å, c = 17.9131(4) Å, and Z = 4. |
