隨著橋梁發展的日進月異，鋼橋結構也成為主要的選擇之一，而鋼橋結構上之鋪面又與平面道路的考慮條件不同。研究結果發現，鋪面在受到荷重後引起的變形與黏彈性性質有關，所以本研究以有限元素法作為力學基礎，配合有限元素分析軟體 ABAQUS進行分析，以此模擬車輛荷重於鋼橋鋪面的承載分析，並在不同溫度條件下，利用鋪面黏彈性參數來模擬真實的力學反應，與求取舖面層所產生的垂直最大撓度(U3)、最大主張應變(MPE-T)、垂直壓應變(E33-C)與橫向應力(S11與S22)等四個破壞參數，以觀察車輪荷重對黏彈性鋪面所造成的影響。 透過加入黏滯度、鬆弛時間等係數的黏彈性參數，來分析鋼橋鋪面受到車輪荷重的結果。模擬結果發現，黏彈性鋪面會因為時間增加，各項破壞參數也會逐漸變大，直到達到最大值後穩定。而分析結果也會因為車輛荷重下方有橫梁與肋梁支撐，對鋪面層造成較小的損害。最後發現在雙層鋪面材料配置中，將回彈模數較大之材料置於底層時，可有效降低黏彈性性質因為時間增加對鋪面的影響。 ;As the developments of bridge technology are improved everyday, steel structures becomes one of the main options to build bridges. However, the pavements of steel bridge are under different considerations compared to road planes. Researches show that, after loaded the pavements occur deformations which are related to Viscoelastic Properties. This study applies finite element methods as the mechanics base and ABAQUS software to analyze the simulation of wheel loading on the pavements. Under different temperature conditions, Viscoelastic parameters are utilized to simulate the real mechanics reactions, and to observe the effects of wheel loadings on the elastic pavements according to these four damage parameters: the maximum deflection(U3), the maximum value of maximum principle tensile strain(MPE-T), the vertical compressive strain(E33-C), and Horizontal of stress (S11&S22). The results of wheel loading on the pavements of steel bridges are analyzed through coefficients such as viscosity and the relaxation of time. The results of simulation show that the damage parameters of viscoelastics of pavement increase as time passes, and become steady until it reached the maximum values. Because those floor beams and ribs support the pavements with vehicle loading, vehicle loading cause minor damages to the pavements. In the double thickness material design, placing the materials with higher module of resilience at the bottom can efficiently reduce the effect from the properties of viscoelastics to the pavements as time passed.
