| 摘要: | 政府為確保民眾通行之孜全，自民國93 年(2004)貣，交通部(Ministry of
transportation and communication)與內政部(Ministry of the Interior)聯名共
同辦理縣市政府「橋梁維護管理作業評鑑」，用以提升橋梁管養的品質，但因橋梁管
養作業十分繁複、專業性高、散佈範圍廣，主管機關以有限的人力常面臨查驗不易的
難處。再者，各縣市橋梁維護管理承辦人員，常需兼顧其它業務，人員流動性大，經
驗傳承不易，因此橋梁維護管理業務成效，難以短期彰顯。為解決此問題，交通部乃
指示縣市政府辦理橋梁檢測作業同時，應建立必要之品質管制(Quality Control, QC)、
品質保證(Quality Assurance,QA)、外部稽核(AUDIT)制度。用以確保橋梁基本資料、
檢測及維修資料之正確性。在此三級作業方式中，品質管制由顧問公司負責、品質保
證由縣市政府自辦或委辦、外部稽核由財團法人中華顧問工程司(China Engineering
Consultants, INC.)會同交通部運輸研究所(Institute of transportation, MOTC)
一同辦理。此一分工作業方式於民國102 年貣全面實施。
本研究針對「品質保證(QA) 」進行案例探討，包括抽驗橋梁挑選方式(運用綜合災害
曝險指標,( Compound Disaster Exposure IndexCDEI)、計算基本資料詳實度、計算檢
測資料詳實度。並比對各種抽驗方法的變異，用以說明抽選的優劣，再以序位法觀念，
將抽中各橋的排序名次相加，說明CDEI 的優點，最後由SPSS 統計軟體，計算各變數
與CDEI 關係的程度[R]，據此說明CDEI 有較高的可靠性。也就是說，CDEI 法可利用
較少的抽樣數，即可達到相同作業水準並容易提前發現QC的檢測資料正確性的問題，
達成QA 目的。期待透過本文案例探討及建議，達到橋梁檢測(技術面)作業品質的提
升。;Since 2004, the Ministry of Transportation and Communication and the Ministry of
the Interior have jointly conducted the ‘bridge maintenance management operations
evaluationto ensure public safety and in enhancing the quality of bridge quality
maintenance. Bridge maintenance operations are extremely complicated. With a wide
spread of physical bridge locations and high levels of expertise required, authorities are
often inhibited by the limitations of personnel where difficulties in bridge identification are
often confronted. Furthermore, county and city council personnel often need to attend to
other duties. As a result, staff turnover is high which leads to difficulties in skills transfer.
In order to alleviate this issue, the county and city governments indicatesthe necessity for
quality control (QC), quality assurance (QA) and an external auditing arrangement in
regards to bridge inspection operations. To ensure the maintenance of basic bridge
maintenance data, the inspection and maintenance operations should be of an accurate
standard.
Three levels of operation methods exist –QC undertaken by external consultants, QA run
by the county or city government and external audits carried out by the China Engineering
Consultants in conjunction with the Institute of Transportation, MOTC. The full
implementation in the distribution of operations has been underway since 2013 years.
This research focused on the discussion on the QA operations, including the selection of
bridge inspection methods(CompoundDisaster ExposureIndex, CDEI), calculation on the
accuracy of basic data and thecalculation on the accuracy of the inspection data, and
reliability methods to verifythe feasibility of CDEI.
And compare the variation of sampling methods to explain the advantages and
disadvantages of all sampling methodsand.Only less number of samples in CDEI can be
used to achieve the same level and easy to find the QC problems in advance.
Through this case studyand suggest, it is anticipated that the quality of bridge inspection
operations will increase. |
