| 摘要: | 本文研究對象中堡話通行於閩西連城縣姑田鎮境內的中堡村。閩西位於閩、粵、贛交接處，是方言的過渡區，於其之中的連城縣方言尤為複雜，素有“五里不同音，十里不同調”之說，非常引人注目。連城境內方言眾多且分歧的原因，除了與早期不同來源的移民所帶來的不同方言有關，也與和少數民族的接觸、山區地形的隔閡、族群間的通婚和方言本身的自然演變有關。另外，連城縣左鄰屬純客縣的長汀縣，右鄰閩語閩中區的永安市，語言接觸的影響也是方言複雜的原因之一。這也是中堡話語音層次複雜，且同時兼具閩、客方言和底層語特徵的原因。全文分為六章，第一章為緒論，說明研究動機、研究目的、研究方法，並佐以相關文獻回顧、方言點以及發音人簡介。第二章梳理筆者至連城所調查的中堡話，呈現其聲、韻、調系統、連讀變調的特色和文白異讀情形。第三章將中堡話與中古音做比較，檢視其歷時音變。第四章綜合第三章的研究，梳理出中堡話的語音特點，並藉由方言間橫向的比較，觀察其共時音變。第五章為詞彙的比較，比較的對象以武平、長汀和寧化為主。第六章為結論，交代本文研究成果，並提出檢討與建議之處。;Zhongbao dialect researched in this paper is widely spoken in Zhongbao Village of Gutian Town, Liancheng County, Western Fujian. Western Fujian is located at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, where is a transition area for dialect. But, dialect of Liancheng County is complex and comes to front especially and the county is known as “Different pronunciations within 5 miles and different tones within 10 miles”. The reason of numerous dialects and difference in Liancheng County is not only related to different dialects introduced by early different immigrants, but also related to the contact with national minority, isolation caused by mountainous terrain, intermarriage between ethnic groups and nature evolution of dialect self. Besides, the left portion of Liancheng County is adjacent to Changting County of Chunke County, while the right portion is adjacent to Yong’an City of Min Chinese Fujian area. So, affect caused by language contact is one reason resulting in complex dialect, which also is the reason that Zhongbao dialect merges the features of Min Chinese, Hakka dialect and underlying language together, along with complex phonetic layers. The whole paper includes 6 chapters. Chapter I is introduction introducing the research motivation, research purpose and research method and following relevant literature review, localism and speaker introduction. Chapter II states Zhongbao dialect investigated by the writer in Zhongbao, presenting its phonology system, feature of tonal sandhi and literary and colloquial reading. Chapter III contrasts Zhongbao dialect with ancient Chinese phonology to view historical phonetics change. Chapter IV points out phonetic features of Zhongbao dialect according to Chapter III and observes its synchronic phonetic change based on horizontal comparison among dialects. Chapter V is comparison of the words, mainly including Wuping, Changting and Ninghua. Chapter VI is a conclusion explaining the research achievement of the paper and putting forward advices and making a self-criticism. |
