面對目前世界日益嚴重的環境危機，雖然我們可以藉由科學與技術的幫助， 來舒緩環境的壓力，但這究竟不是解決問題的首要答案，若我們能夠改變當前人 類錯誤對待自然的觀念，方能有效解決此一問題。因此，本文將研究挪威哲學家 Arne Naess 所開創之深層生態學思想，他尋求並批判現代環境危機的根源，希望 能夠藉此改變人類對自然的態度，進而實現人與自然和諧共處的綠色世界。 本文以Naess 的理論為參考基礎，全文將圍繞在理論與實踐層面上，而將重 點放在深層生態學的理論。在理論上，深層生態學以完形本體論做為其哲學基礎， 並以嚴謹的邏輯體系建立自我實現理論，挑戰了西方的哲學傳統；在實踐上，他 提出深層生態學式的生活方式，並建議我們透過實際的社會行動來改變當前嚴峻 的生態問題。如今，深層生態學已成為西方環境哲學中，重要的學派之一。;To respond to the increasingly occurring and serious environmental crisis, although science and technology have been used to slow down this overwhelming pressure, this is not the primary answer. To effectively deal with this problem, we ought to change human’s present wrong conception towards nature. Therefore, this thesis aims to study Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess on his founded theory known as deep ecology. He sought and critiqued the root cause of the contemporary environmental crisis in the hope to change human behavior towards nature, and thus achieve the green world where human and nature live harmoniously together.
This thesis is grounded on Naess’ theory. While the whole thesis centered on both the theory and practice, the focus is mainly placed on the former. In theory, deep ecology is based on gestalt ontology as a philosophical foundation, and uses rigorous logic system to establish self-realization theory, which challenges the traditional western environmental philosophy. In practice, Naess proposes a lifestyle of deep ecology, and suggests actual social action to change the current severe ecological problems. Today, deep ecology has become an important school in Western environment philosophy.
