景氣循環對死亡率、個人健康狀況和健康行為之影響;The Impacts of Business Cycle on Mortality, Health Status and Health Behaviors

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题名:	景氣循環對死亡率、個人健康狀況和健康行為之影響;The Impacts of Business Cycle on Mortality, Health Status and Health Behaviors
作者:	陳彥彰;Chen,Yan-Jhang
贡献者:	產業經濟研究所
关键词:	景氣循環;失業率;死亡率;健康;自我健康評估;business cycle;unemployment rate;mortality;health status;health behaviors
日期:	2016-06-29
上传时间:	2016-10-13 14:00:23 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	自Brenner(1971)首先提出景氣循環對人民健康呈現順景氣循環的說法後，眾多經濟學家對此議題進行許多研究，但取決於使用資料的不同與研究方法的差異，景氣循環對民眾健康的影響一直沒有一定的結論。　　本研究使用縣市別失業率作為衡量景氣循環之依據，健康方面的資料分為縣市層級與個人層級兩套資料。縣市層級中採用內政部主計處2000-2013年「戶籍統計年報」歷年各縣市之粗死亡率與衛生福利部2000-2013「縣市別死因統計」重大死因死亡率作為衡量健康的主要指標。個人層級資料使用「台灣社會變遷基本調查資料」1994-2013年的個人自我健康評估資料作為主要的衡量指標，藉此觀察景氣循環與國民健康之間的關聯。　　本文的實證結果主要有三個發現。首先，失業率上升會使民眾生理健康變差，但對死亡率效果並不明顯。第二，性別差異大，在個人層級的研究中發現男性相較於女性有更多不利於健康的行為，例如抽菸與喝酒。但在面臨景氣不佳的情況時，男性放棄菸酒的比例會高於女性。最後婚姻與教育也是關鍵因素，受過大學以上教育者在失眠、焦慮、沒自信等表現與多數的生理健康項目都較低教育程度者呈現較佳的情況。已婚且和伴侶同居者在生活上較有自信與希望，且有伴侶照顧下多數比未婚者來的健康。 ;Since Brenner(1971) first proposed that human health was pro-cyclical, many studies try to examine the relationship between health and business cycle. But due to the difference of data and methodologies, there′s still no clear conclusions. This study uses the unemployment rate at city/county level as a proxy for business cycle. I utilize both city/county- and individual-level data to measure health indicators. In city/county-level, I use the 2000-2013 death rate from Ministry of Interior and the cause of death collected from Ministry of Health and Welfare. In the individual-level, I use the self-reported health data collected from Survey Research Data Archive (SRDA) covering 1993-2013. There are three main findings. First, the rise in unemployment rate is associated with worse physical health conditions, but is less relevant to death. Second, there are different impacts between male and female. Males tend to have more unhealthy behaviors than females, such as drinking and smoking. But males are more likely to reduce alcohol and cigarette consumption. Third, marriage and education are also key factors. People who had colleague education are less likely to have insomnia, anxiety and are more confident. Married people tend to be more confident and hopeful, and healthier.
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