論Uber之勞雇關係與立法政策;A Research on Labor Relations and Legal Policy of Uber

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Title:	論Uber之勞雇關係與立法政策;A Research on Labor Relations and Legal Policy of Uber
Authors:	蔡華偉;Tsai,Hua-Wei
Contributors:	產業經濟研究所
Keywords:	優步;共享經濟;勞雇關係;駕駛法律定位;立法政策;美國加州公共事業委員會;美國加州公共事業法;網路運輸業;Uber;Sharing Economy;Labor Relations;The Legal Status of Uber drivers;Legal policy;California Public Utilities Commission;California Public Utilities Code;Transportation Network Company
Date:	2016-07-29
Issue Date:	2016-10-13 14:02:41 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	本論文主要探究「Uber駕駛之法律定位」及「對於Uber之立法政策」。首先，本文簡要介紹共享經濟及Uber之相關背景，使讀者能清楚了解共享經濟之特色及Uber之經營模式，之後藉由臺北高等行政法院判決之回顧以分析我國司法實務對於Uber之相關見解，而得出我國之行政機關及司法單位均傾向認定Uber之營業行為並不合法；爾後，本文透過我國對於勞雇關係之學說及實務見解與美國加州之行政裁定及法院判決來深究Uber駕駛之法律定位；最後，本文詳述美國加州公共事業委員會之行政決定及公共事業法中「網路運輸業」之規定，以作為我國立法政策之借鏡。本文結論認為，Uber確有提供汽車運輸之服務，惟Uber透過行動應用程式以媒合交易之經營模式與傳統汽車運輸業不同，故本文傾向應立法管制網路運輸業而非沿用既有法規全面禁止之；此外，本文認為在Uber降低控制力、承擔若干企業責任及與我國政府保持合作之前提下，將Uber駕駛認定為承攬人可能較符合駕駛得自由分配上班時間及較具獨立性之需求。最後，本文提出「建立網路運輸業之規定」、「雙方應盡快解決跨國租稅爭議」、「網路運輸業保險制度之增訂」、「應賦予Uber駕駛協商薪資和工作條件之權利」、「政府應與Uber達成協議而利用其大數據分析交通政策」共五點對於Uber之立法建議，以期許我國政府能以開放進步的心胸來接納新興產業之崛起，並透過師法美國加州對於網路運輸業之規定及態度，使我國能夠成為亞洲新創產業之都，進而促使我國產業成功轉型。 ;This thesis mainly explored "the legal status of Uber drivers" and "the legal policy of Uber". First, chapter 2 and 3 introduced sharing economy and Uber’s background to let readers to understand the characteristics of sharing economy and the business model of Uber. Then after reviewing the judgment of Taipei High Administrative Court, we could know that the administrative agency and the judicial organ tended to regard Uber as illegal. Later, the thesis based on the doctrine and judicial opinions of Taiwan and the opinions of California′s administrative and court decisions to analyze the legal status of Uber drivers. Then the thesis discussed the administrative decision of California Public Utilities Commission and the rules of Public Utilities Code to set a good example to Taiwan. In my opinion, Uber indeed provided the transportation service, but Uber also founded an app to create a new business model of transportation; therefore, the thesis would prefer to establish rules to regulate Transportation Network Company in Taiwan. In addition, the thesis suggested that Uber should reduce its control to drivers, implement corporate social responsibility and cooperate with government to overcome its difficulties. If Uber could achieve the above, I would identify Uber drivers as independent contractors, and the drivers would be more independent and distribute their working hours freely as always. In conclusion, the thesis proposed "establishing the rules of Transportation Network Company", "resolving the dispute of tax", "updating insurance system", "giving Uber drivers the right of negotiation" and "the government should reach an agreement with Uber to use its big data to solve traffic problems". Finally, I truly hope that Taiwan government could be open-minded to accept new industries, and could learn from the rules of Transportation Network Company of California, thereby promoting Taiwan′s industrial transformation successfully.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Industrial Economics] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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