本論文主要探討將高理論電容的過渡金屬氧化物 (Transition-metal oxides)及過渡金屬硫化物 (Transition-metal dichalcogenides )修飾於有序中孔洞管狀碳材CMK-9上，應用於鋰離子電池負極的複合材料。利用高分子界面活性劑P123作為模板，和矽源TEOS(Tetraethyl orthosilicate)在酸性下進行合成，得到對稱性為Ia3 ̅d構型為cubic的中孔洞矽材KIT-6，利用糠醇做為碳源將矽材碳化後，可得到有序中孔洞管狀碳材CMK-9。 第一部份為CoO@CMK-9的合成，CoO具有高的理論電容(716 mAh g−1)，價格便宜等優點，但有體積膨脹率大的問題，利用中孔洞碳材CMK-9能限制住充放電時的體積變化，使電容量有所提升，以100 mA/g電流密度進行測試，測試200圈後，電容量仍高達828 mAh/g。 第二部分為利用水熱法一步合成SnO2/MoS2@CMK-9，MoS2為層狀結構，加入SnO2能有效分隔MoS2避免堆疊，CMK-9有增加導電度及限制SnO2體積膨脹的功能，以100mA/g的電流密度，循環測試50圈以後，電容量達782mAh/g。 ;Transition metal oxides and Transition-metal dichalcogenides as anode materials in lithium ion batteries have attracted tremendous attention because of their high theoretical capacities compared with commercial graphite. However, the large volume expansion during the charge-discharge process leads to low electrical conductivities. In first part, we design a tubular nanocomposite of CoO@CMK-9 to overcome this problem. A three-dimensional (3-D) hollow-type ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-9) could not only provide enough space during the Li+ insertion-extraction process, but also increase the electrical conductivity. CoO is regarded as one of the most promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), due to its high theoretical capacity (715 mAh/g), natural abundance, and low cost. CoO@CMK-9 delivers a reversible capacity of 828 mAh/g after 200 cycles at a current density of 100 mAh/g with an outstanding rate performance. The CoO@CMK-9 nanocomposite is expected to have high specific capacity and good cycling performance. In second part, we design a novel structured SnO2/MoS2@CMK-9, MoS2 is a graphene-like layered structure, Mo is sandwiched between two S layers. The atoms in the layers are bound strongly by covalent bonds, while the adjacent layers interact by weak van der Waals forces. MoS2 nanosheets can be easily restacked together during charge–discharge processes. To solve this problem, we add SnO2 nanoparticles which can avoid to restack of MoS2 nanosheets. SnO2/MoS2@CMK-9 demonstrate an excellent Li-storage performance as an anode of LIBs, deliver a high reversible charge capacity of 782 mAh/g after 50 cycles at a current density of 100 mAh/g.
