| 摘要: | 本計畫規劃未來一年在鹿林山（2,862 m，區域/跨國）大氣背景站觀測高山氣膠，觀測範疇為區域背景及各種事件(亦即，受中南半島生質燃燒和大陸霧霾長程傳輸污染影響)時段PM2.5氣膠物理化學成分濃度。此外，配合總計畫，預計於2018年秋季 NASA東南亞飛航實驗(Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment, CAMP2Ex)，負責恆春或東沙島或南沙島地面觀測，以手動採樣方式每天觀測分析氣膠化學成分。本計畫還將結合中研院富貴角測站，在竹子山、鹿林山測站持續參與多項國際監測網與資料QA/QC計畫。 在2019年中南半島生質燃燒期間(3~4月)，總計畫進行7-SEAS 2019年春季第三次大型聯合觀測氣膠傳送與雲交互作用國際密集實驗，觀測自泰北、北越、台灣一線傳送路徑的氣膠、雲、輻射，本計畫負責探討生質燃燒氣膠與相關污染物傳輸至台灣鹿林山對區域環境的影響。詳細觀測項目包括：以手動採樣方式每天採集氣膠質量濃度、水溶性離子、二元酸及其鹽類、碳成分、水可溶有機碳(water-soluble organic carbon)、脫水醣類(anhydrosugars，如:左旋葡萄糖)、似腐植質成分(humic like substance)、氣膠含水量量測所需樣本；同時，本計畫還結合鹿林山微量氣體、氣膠光學係數、氣象因子分析量測數據。在自動儀器觀測方面，本計畫將以在線式氣膠水溶性離子量測系統(PILS-IC)和NCU在線式氣膠含水量量測系統，觀測鹿林山雲霧事件、生質燃燒事件、背景環境在短時間(15分鐘)氣膠水溶性離子濃度變化，配合氣膠光學監測資料，將可比較事件(生質燃燒、雲霧事件、亞洲大陸霧霾傳輸)和非事件(區域背景)時段高山氣膠化學及光學特性差異，以評估亞洲大陸污染輸出影響。總結來說，本計畫將以全方位完整的監測數據探討東亞背景大氣、傳輸生質燃燒氣團、傳輸大陸霧霾、以及雲霧事件前、後期間氣膠化學特性變化，並解析出亞洲大氣各種傳輸氣塊下日平均和短時間PM2.5化學成分對氣膠光學效應。形成的觀測數據可提供模式模擬者大氣氣膠化學和光學特性，以進一步評估東亞地區氣膠—雲—輻射—氣候交互作用。 ;This study proposes to observe high-elevation aerosol at the Mountain Lulin (2,862 m) atmospheric background station for the next year. The observation scope includes physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols during regional background and event (influenced by long-range transport of Indochina biomass burning (BB) smoke and China haze) periods. In addition, this study will collaborate with general project to participate in NASA Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) by collecting daily aerosol for analyzing chemical properties at Hengchun or Dongsha or Taiping island in autumn 2018. Moreover, this study will participate in various QA/QC plans of international monitoring networks with the collaboration of Cape Fuguei of Academic Sinica by collecting aerosol at both Mountain Lulin and Bamboo sites (1,103 m a.s.l.). The third large scale international intensive study of 7-SEAS 2019 campaign on aerosol transport and cloud interaction will be held during extensive Indochina BB period from March to April in 2019. The campaign aims at investigating the interaction of aerosol, cloud, and radiation along with the path of northern Thailand, northern Vietnam, and Taiwan. Among various activities, this study is responsible for investigating the environmental effect of transported BB smoke and related pollutants observed at Mountain Lulin. The detailed PM2.5 observation items contain mass concentration, water-soluble inorganic ions, carbonaceous content, water-soluble organic carbon, humic like substance, anhydrosugars, and aerosol water content. For the aspect of automated instruments, the combination of particle-into-liquid ion chromatograph (PILS-IC) and the in-situ water content analyzer assembled in previous years will facilitate this study to evaluate the integrated short-interval (15 min) relationship among aerosol water content, aerosol optical coefficients, and water-soluble inorganic ions. The observation results will contrast the differences of mountain aerosol characteristics between event (BB smoke transport, cloud/fog occurrence, and Asian haze outflow) and no-event (regional background) periods. In summary, this study will utilize the acquired comprehensive data to investigate aerosol properties of background air in the East Asia, transported BB air masses, and pre- and post-cloud event at Mountain Lulin. The observed data combining with previous findings can further provide aerosol chemical and optical properties for modelers to assess aerosol-cloud-radiation-climate interaction in the East Asia. |
