| 摘要: | 台灣因地狹人稠及用電量不足的關係，發展綠色能源勢在必行，而風力發電為其重要的一環。但離岸風機之單樁基礎於海上需能承受長週期之風力、波浪力及地震力等反覆水平側向力作用，因此本研究除延續前人以竹南砂重模相對密度80%之飽和砂試體外，亦以曾文水庫黏土重模大型壓密試體。且使用模型樁進行一系列單向反覆側推試驗，模擬單樁基礎於海上受波浪力作用下基樁之行為。並利用回歸分析方法求取樁身反應，來探討單樁基礎受單向反覆側推之基樁-土壤間之互制行為。
本研究首先進行極限側推試驗，將試驗所量測到的彎矩值利用回歸分析方法求取彎矩、剪力、土壤反力、旋轉角及位移隨深度之變化。並將試驗求得之p-y曲線與API、DNV、Matlcok及Reese建議之p-y曲線進行比較。第二，再進行不同應力準位之單向反覆側推試驗，由樁頭載重及樁頭位移求取基樁於長作用周數下之累積殘餘位移及樁頭勁度，以供後人設計之參考。
由試驗結果顯示飽和砂之靜態p-y曲線在4倍樁徑深度內較Reese及API建議之p-y曲線高。而黏土之靜態p-y曲線在5倍樁徑深度內較Matlock、DNV及API建議之p-y曲線低。飽和砂土及壓密黏土之累積殘餘位移隨載重振幅增加而增加，飽和砂土約為0.7%到2.55%樁徑，壓密黏土約為2.55%到5.1%樁徑。
;In Taiwan, due to the narrow land, high population density and lack of electricity, it is imperative to develop green energy, and wind power is important part of it. The monopile of offshore wind turbine on the sea must be able to withstand cyclic lateral loading induced by wind, wave and earthquake. Therefore, in this research, using Zhunan sand to remold the saturated specimen of relative density 80% and using Zengwun Reservoir clay to remold consolidated specimen, and using the model pile to carry out a series of one-way cyclic lateral loading, and it simulated the wave acting on the offshore monopile. The research use regression analysis method to obtain the pile response, and the behavior of pile-soil interaction is dicussed.
In this research, first, the ultimate lateral loading test was carried out. The bending moment was measured by the test and using regression analysis method to obtain change of bending moment, shear force, soil resistance, rotation, and displacement with depth. The p-y curve of static test was established, and compared with p-y curve by API, DNV, Matlock, and Reese suggested. Second, the one-way cyclic lateral loading test was carried out. The pile load and the pile displacement can be used to calculate and obtain permanent displacement and pile stiffness.
According to the test result, the static p-y curve of saturated sand are higher than the suggested p-y curve of Reese and API in four times diameter of pile. However, the suggested p-y curve of consolidated clay are lower than the suggested p-y curve of Matlock, DNV, and API. The permanent displacement of saturated sand and consolidated clay increased with increase of load amplitude, the permanent displacement were 0.7% to 2.55% and 2.55% to 5.1% respectively. |
