| 摘要: | 航空警察為維護我國飛安與擔任國家門面之角色，其工作之重要性不可言喻。本國航空公司年報指出，至2017年12月底為止，全國各機場加總之一整年客運量已突破四千萬大關，由於旅客量迅速地增長，需要進行安檢之人數激增，所以負責安檢勤務之航警往往須透過加班，以解決因安檢需求量上升而造成之人力短缺現象。然而，實務上航警值勤之班表主要是決策者依人工經驗進行排班，此人為方法除了缺乏效率之外，亦難以掌握規劃品質，容易造成某些時點之人力供需不平衡之現象。因此，於目前航警人力不足之環境下，如何有效進行人力供給規劃以運用現有人力為當前重要課題之一。
本研究透過數學規劃方法，站在航警局相關單位與決策者之立場，以最小劃航警人力供給時數為目標，考量不同供給策略與實務狀況之諸多限制，構建確定性與隨機性需求之航空警察安檢勤務人力供給規劃基本模式與考量了多餘人力價值之模式，並希望規劃結果能輔助相關單位有效地進行人力編排。本研究於模式建構與求解方面，由於求解績效優異，因此四模式皆使用數學規劃軟體CPLEX直接求解。另外，本研究利用隨機性理論之評估指標，以評估本研究隨機性規劃之效益。本研究於資料輸入方面，針對國內某航警局Z分局之相關資料，經由系統性之合理簡化後作為本研究之輸入資料，並以此進行範例測試。範例測試之結果顯示，本研究建構之模式規劃效益明顯優於實務之人工編排方式。本研究更進行敏感度分析，發現增加工時彈性之策略，最能有效運用航警人力。並於方案測試時發現，若適當的調整工時彈性，則能在增加些許人力之情況下，解決人力不足之問題。最後，本研究期望所建構之模式及求解方法能提供學術界與實務界參考，更能將規劃結果輔助相關單位進行人力供給規劃，以幫助相關單位有效率地使用人力資源，而不是透過一昧增加人力的方式減少人力不足問題，進而提升相關當局於人力資源管理方面之績效。
;Maintaining aviation security and national facade is the primary duty for aviation police. According to the international airport annual report’s indication, until the end of February 2018 in Taiwan, the number of passengers has exceeded 40 million in all airports in one year. More and more security services lead to the aviation police need to work overtime. However , the decision maker carry out manpower supply planning for aviation police by experiences in typically in Taiwan. It’s a neither efficient nor effective way for manpower supply planning. The method cause the imbalance of manpower supply and demand at certain points in time. Therefore , in the current environment of insufficient manpower of the aviation police, how to effectively carry out manpower supply planning to use existing manpower is one of the current important topics.
In this research, the author is based on the decision maker’s point of view, adopting the mathematical programming method to construct deterministic-demand and stochastic-demand aviation police manpower supply models, totally including 4 models, by considering different supply strategies and related operating constraints, with the objective of minimizing total manpower supply-hours. We expect that the results can assist decision maker to plan their shift schedule. We utilize the CPLEX, a mathematical programming solver, to solve the deterministic models and the stochastic model. Besides, we utilize the expected value of perfect information(EVPI) and The value of the stochastic solution(VSS) to evaluate the performance of the stochastic models. The data which collects from aviation police’s department in Taiwan use on numerical tests.The tests’s results prove that the aviation police manpower supply planning by the models in this reseaech is better than that by decision maker’s experiences.In sensitivity analysis, the author discover the strategy of flexible working hours can effectively use the manpower of the aviation police.During the alternatives test, the author discover that if the flexibility of working hours was properly adjusted, the problem of insufficient manpower could be solved with incresing a little manpower. Finally, these models and the results are expected to be useful not only for academics, but for decision maker to carry out optimal manpower supply planning. Apparently, the aviation police’s human resources is very important to reduce the shortage of aviation police and improve the work performance. |
