國內廢棄輪胎之逆物流分析;Analyzing the Reverse Logistics for Scrap Tires in Taiwan

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题名:	國內廢棄輪胎之逆物流分析;Analyzing the Reverse Logistics for Scrap Tires in Taiwan
作者:	林獻廷;Lin, Hsien-Ting
贡献者:	工業管理研究所
关键词:	循環經濟;永續發展;逆物流;混合整數線性規劃;敏感度分析;circular economy;sustainable development;reverse logistics;integer linear programming;sensitivity analysis
日期:	2019-07-02
上传时间:	2019-09-03 12:22:33 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	台灣目前每年約產生12萬噸的廢輪胎，處理業者平均每個月需處理將近1萬噸的廢輪胎，民眾可自行運送或委託業者回收廢棄輪胎，而廢輪胎經回收後，會進入政府認證的處理廠進行處理作業，將經過破碎處理後的膠片進行利用，國內主要分為(1)替代煤炭作為輔助燃料、(2)熱裂解產生裂解油及碳黑、(3)磨成膠粉以製成再生原料等三種方法來處理廢輪胎膠片。根據環保署統計，全國的廢棄輪胎有66.1%作為替代煤炭的輔助燃料、14.4%磨成膠粉以製成再生原料、12.5%經熱裂解成油品及碳黑、5.34%媒合業者出口至日本，而輔助燃料為台灣廢棄輪胎最主要的處理方式，但卻會對環境產生大量空汙，在2017年，以輪胎膠片替代煤炭作為輔助燃料的再利用機構，相繼發生停工、停用及減用，導致膠片再利用量驟減，廢輪胎去化的管道受阻並造成大量廢輪胎堆置甚至產生登革熱等環境問題，引發社會強烈關注。針對廢輪胎處理問題，該如何妥善處理廢棄輪胎以避免造成環境汙染，是全世界各國都在討論的課題，在永續發展的浪潮下，一個完備的循環再利用系統扮演著非常重要的角色。因此本研究欲探討國內輪胎處理業者之利潤、成本及最佳廢輪胎處理量，並考慮處理商最大產能、環境成本、製程處理成本及未處理廢胎之持有成本以建構一混合整數線性規劃模型，希望透過此模型達到處理業之利潤最大化。本研究在求得模型之利潤最佳解後，將分析各參數對於總利潤模型的影響，並分析不同之設定情境下，利潤最佳解之變化，以驗證模型真實性。;In Taiwan, there are approximately 120,000 tons of scrap tire are generated every year. On average, the scrap tire processors have to process 10,000 tons of scrap tires monthly. People can recycle scrap tires by themselves or commissioning scrap tire recyclers. After recycling, scrap tires will be processed by government certification processors. There are three main treatments for scrap tires in Taiwan: scrap, tyre and pyrolysis process. According to EPA (Environmental Protection Administration), 66.1% of Taiwan’s scrap tires are used as derived fuel to replace coal; 14.4% are milled to make recycled raw materials; 12.5% are pyrolyzed to obtain carbon black; 5.34% are exported to Japan. Tire derived fuel is the main treatment of scrap tires in Taiwan, but it will cause severe air pollutions. In 2017, the substitution which use tire derived fuel to replace coal encounter shut-downs and equipment failure. It causes over-stacking of scrap tires and Dengue fever because the reuse of tire film rapidly decreasing. This case causes social concern, so how to properly process scrap tires to avoid environment pollution is a big issue around the world. Under the trend of sustainable development, a good recycling system plays an important role. Therefore, we intend to discuss and analyze scrap tire processor’s profit, cost and optimal scrap tire’s throughput. To maximize the profit of Taiwan’s scrap tire processor, we construct an integer linear programming model by considering processor’s capacity, environment cost, processing cost and holding cost. After obtain the optimal solutions, we will analyze the influence of each parameter on our objective to and conduct model verification.
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