| 摘要: | 本論文中主要合成DIR (Diindeno[1,2-g:1’,2’-s]rubicene)衍生物，作為高分子太陽能電池中的電子受體，在設計中使用了具有ICT現象之A-D-A結構，以DIR做為D的部分並有直鏈(octyl)及分岔鏈(2-Ethyl-1-hexyl)兩種碳鏈之DIR核心，在A的部分則使用三種拉電子基團5,5-Dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (DCD)、2-(3-Oxo-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC)、2-(5,6-Difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC2Cl)來搭配，合成出共計6種由DIR作為核心之非富勒烯電子受體(NFA)，分別為OcDCD、OcIC、OcIC2Cl、EHDCD、EHIC、EHIC2Cl。在本篇論文中對此6種非富勒烯電子受體進行一系列量測，包含熱性質、吸收光譜、能階的量測、理論計算出之電子雲分佈圖，來評估取代高分子太陽能電池中PCBM電子受體材料。
藉由A-D-A結構使ICT現象增強使吸收波長產生紅移，原先未接上拉電子基團之DIR主要吸收落在300~400 nm(近紫外光吸收峰)，在接上了拉電子基團後使主要吸收轉換至500~650 nm(可見光吸收峰)，同時由於PCBM之主要吸收皆落在400 nm以下，可以看出本論文設計之NFA有較好太陽光吸收。同時在引入強拉電子基團時會使LUMO能階有顯著的下降，使LUMO能階下降至接近PCBM的，以達到更好拆解高分子的激子。
;In this work, DIR (Diindeno[1,2-g:1′,2′-s]rubicene) derivatives are synthesized as electron acceptors in polymer solar cells. In this design, an A-D-A structure with ICT phenomenon is used. The system uses DIR as part of D and has two DIR cores, which are linear (octyl) and branched (2-Ethyl-1-hexyl) carbon chains. In the part of A, three kinds of electron withdrawing groups, 5,5-Dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (DCD), 2-(3-Oxo-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC), 2-(5,6-Difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC2Cl). By substitution, a total of six non-fullerene electron acceptors with DIR as the core were synthesized, which were OcDCD, OcIC, OcIC2Cl, EHDCD, EHIC, and EHIC2Cl. We performed a series of measurements on these six non-fullerene electron acceptors (NFA). These include thermal properties, absorption spectra, energy level measurements, theoretical calculation of energy level electronic cloud distribution. Evaluation of PCBM electron acceptor materials in substituted polymer solar cells from the above results.
The absorption of the ICT phenomenon is enhanced by the A-D-A structure, and the absorption wavelength is red-shifted. The original DIR structure is mainly absorbed at 300-400 nm (near ultraviolet absorption peak), and the main absorption is red-shifted to 500-650 nm (visible light absorption peak) after the electron-withdrawing group is attached. At the same time, when the strong electron withdrawing group is introduced, the LUMO energy level is significantly decreased, and the LUMO energy level is lowered to be close to the PCBM, so as to achieve a better disassembly of the polymer exciton. |
