本論文的主要目是利用微波遙測、雷達原理等理論，規劃並且設計地面雷達的架構以及基礎參數，參數包括雷達架設的幾何考量、最小發射功率等。 本系統是利用向量網路分析儀來作為訊號的來源，因為網路分析儀具有很好的訊號處理能力，例如系統的校準及時域的時閘均可以輕易地來達成。網路分析儀更可藉由變更IFBW提昇地面雷達的接收動態範圍以及量測的靈敏度，使用功率放大器來提升發射功率。本系統是使用雙天線的金字塔型號角天線，採取一發一收的形式，以確保接收訊號的完整性。如此一來可以實現量測短距離的回波散射。再加上用電腦控制程式來控制系統的狀態以及資料的取得，如此可達到自動化量測系統的建立。 In this thesis, we will apply microwave remote sensing theory and RADAR principles to plan and design the scheme and basic parameters of ground-based remote sensing RADAR. A vector network analyzer (VNA) is used as the signal source. Due to VNA's high ability in signal process, many features such as system calibration and time gating can be easily implemented and performed. We also can improve the receiver dynamic range and sensitivity of measurement by changing the IFBW of VNA. An amplifier is used to compensate the signal attenuation and thus raise the transmitter power. WE use two horn antenna, one is transmitter and the other is receiver, to make sure the data correct. Therefore the backscatter can be measured in short ranges. In order to conduct automatic measurements, a computer program is developed for data acquisition, and states control.
