| 摘要: | 新生兒聽力篩檢於幼兒後天的發展占重要地位，三歲內為幼兒語言學習黃金時期，聽力損傷越早被診斷出，就能盡早進行聽力相關手術、聽力以及構音訓練，降低聽力損傷對於幼兒造成日後負面影響。至今，全球各個國家針對全年齡層或是新生兒童的聽力能力相關的檢測已經發展成熟，並且種類多樣化，本研究以多種檢測工具中的其中一種名為聽覺腦幹響應的儀器做設計基礎。
本研究以NI myRIO-1900嵌入式開發板為設計平台，搭配LabVIEW圖形化程式作為開發軟體設計電腦版使用者人機介面以及 Data Dashboard for LabVIEW App程式作為平版或是智慧型裝置顯示介面，不僅可以在電腦端顯示結果，也可以透過App在平板或是手機顯示量測結果。
為了評估此系統之可行性，本研究對5名男性與1名女性 (年齡：23至42歲；4男1女聽力正常，聽力閾值< 25 dB HL，250 Hz–8000 Hz；1男極重度聽損，聽力閾值=115 dB HL，500 Hz–4000 Hz)進行在不同刺激音強度下聽覺腦幹響應檢測 (threshold ABR, tABR) (實驗一)，5位聽力正常個案測量結果ABR聽力閾值均在30 dB SPL以下，而1名極重度聽損個案測量結果ABR聽力閾值為80 dB SPL以上，與純音聽力閾值檢測結果相符合，實驗一的檢測結果顯示此系統對聽力正常以及極重度個案量測的可行性；實驗一中的兩位正常聽力個案 (1男1女)分別使用本系統以80 dB SPL為刺激音大小的神經診斷聽覺腦幹響應 (neural ABR, nABR)以及tABR功能做量測，並與臨床儀器檢測結果進行曼-惠特尼U檢定 (實驗二)。實驗結果nABR部分，個案測量數據與臨床儀器檢測結果均無顯著差異 (男性：左耳：U = 14 > Uα = 5；右耳：U = 15 > Uα = 5；女性：左耳：U = 17 > Uα = 5；右耳：U = 15 > Uα = 5)，而tABR部分，個案測量數據與臨床儀器檢測結果均無顯著差異 (男性：左耳：U = 12 > Uα = 5；右耳：U = 17 > Uα = 5；女性：左耳：U = 11 > Uα = 5；右耳：U = 12.5 > Uα = 5)，以上實驗結果顯示本研究開發之聽覺腦幹響應量測系統nABR以及tABR功能的可行性。
;Newborn hearing screening plays an important role in the development of children. The golden age of children’s language learning is within three years old. The earlier the hearing impairment is diagnosed, the hearing-related surgery, hearing and articulation training can be performed as early as possible, to reduce the negative influences for the development of these children in the future. So far, the related tools of hearing test for all ages or newborn children in various countries around the world has matured and diversified. This research is designed with and based on one of the hearing test tools named the auditory brainstem response instrument.
This study uses the NI myRIO-1900 embedded development board as the design platform, which uses the LabVIEW graphical program as the development software to design computer user human machine interface, and uses an App called Data Dashboard for LabVIEW to display the test results on iPads, Android devices and other smart devices. The results can be displayed not only on the computer side, but also on the tablet or mobile phone through the App.
In order to assess the feasibility of this system, five male subjects and one female subject (Age: 23-42; 4 male and 1 female normal hearing subjects: Hearing threshold < 25 dB HL, 250 Hz-8000 Hz; 1 male profound hearing impairment subject: Hearing threshold = 115 dB HL, 500 Hz-4000 Hz) participated threshold ABR testing (tABR) of our research (The first experiment). The tABR results of five normal hearing subjects were measured all below 30 dB SPL, while the tABR results of the profound hearing loss subject was measured above 80 dB SPL, consistent with the hearing threshold results by the pure tone audiometry. The experimental results of the two cases verify the feasibility of this system for normal hearing and profound hearing impairment subjects. Two of the normal hearing subjects of the first experiment (1 male and 1 female) attended the second experiment of this study. This experiment use the neural ABR (nABR) and tABR functions of our system for testing, and the results are compared with the results of a clinical instrument by using Mann-Whitney U test. In the nABR section, the data of the two cases in the nABR are not significantly different from the data of the clinical instrument (male: Left ear: U=14>Uα=5; Right ear: U=15>Uα=5; female: Left ear: U=17>Uα=5; Right ear: U=15>Uα=5). In the tABR section, there is no significant difference between the tABR and the clinical instrument in these two subjects (male: Left ear: U=12>Uα=5; Right ear: U=17>Uα=5; female: Left ear: U=11>Uα=5; Right ear: U=12.5>Uα=5). These results have demonstrated that the feasibility of this system including the nABR and tABR functions. |
