立方衛星高光譜儀成像系統開發以及校正;The development and the calibration of the CubeSat hyperspectral imaging system

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题名:	立方衛星高光譜儀成像系統開發以及校正;The development and the calibration of the CubeSat hyperspectral imaging system
作者:	涂家豪;Tu, Chia-Hao
贡献者:	太空科學與工程研究所
关键词:	高光譜儀;Hyperspectral imaging
日期:	2020-01-14
上传时间:	2020-06-05 17:05:31 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	高光譜成像儀應用於遙測地球環境很有用的光學儀器。可用於國土調查、水汙染防治以及空氣汙染的普查。傳統的高光譜成像儀由物鏡系統、分光系統以及成像系統組成，光源自物鏡系統聚焦經分光系統例如光柵散射，並且透過成像系統來記錄數百個可見光或者紅外光的帶寬。人們利用光譜特徵來辨識物質，高光譜成像應用於眾多領域包含農業與水資源控制、醫學診斷以及軍事防禦等。我們設計可放置於立方衛星高光譜成像儀的工程模型，特色為體積小、重量輕以及成本較低，其連續光譜帶範圍在 460nm 650nm ，擁有高光譜分辨率 (~5nm 。此儀器使用推掃式方法來獲取高光譜影像，視角大約在 2.85 度，在高度 500 公里的掃描幅寬為 23.5 公里，中心波長為 550nm 半高全寬為 5 nm ，重量約為 3 公斤。我們進行了以下實驗確認儀器效能：包含組裝位置校正、波長校正、絕對光強度測量以及光譜分辨率及視角測試，實驗的結果後確認符合規格需求，並且進行室外實地拍攝，將二維空間數據以及一維光譜數據組成三維高光譜立方數據。我們計畫發展飛行模型儀器未來將放置於探空火箭和微衛星任務。;The hyperspectral imager is a useful optical instrument for remote sensing of Earth environments. The applications of the hyperspectral imager include land resource assessment, water pollution investigation, and survey on air pollution. The traditional hyperspectral imager consists of object lens system, the spectrometer system, and the imaging system. The detected light from the object lens system is dispersed by a spectrometer system (e.g., grating), and sequentially recorded as the hundreds of bandwidths of the visible/infrared emission by the imaging system. People use the characteristics of spectral to identify substances. Hyperspectral imaging has been applied for numerous applications, including agricultural and water resources control, medical diagnosis and military defense. We design the engineering model of the CubeSat hyperspectral imaging system with a continuous emission band between 460-650 nm with high wavelength resolution (~5nm). The instrument features weight light, size small and cost low that uses a push-broom method to acquire hyperspectral images, FOV (field of view) is about 2.85 °. Its swath width is about 23.5 kilometers at the height of 500 kilometers. The centered wavelength of the spectral range is designed at the wavelength of 550nm, and its full width at half a maximum is ~5nm. We conducted the following experiments to confirm the performance of the instrument: assembling calibration, wavelength calibration, radiance calibration, test of spectral resolution and FOV measurement. After the experiment, we are confident that it meets the required specifications. We also scanned the outdoor view in a sideway using our hyperspectral imaging system. The recorded hyperspectral data cube is a three-dimensional data composed of two-dimensional III spatial and one-dimensional spectral data. In the future, we plan to develop the flight model for the sounding rocket and CubeSat missions.
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