| 摘要: | 花卉產業是一個快速發展、全球化的產業。鮮花是非常容易腐爛的產品，其生命週期相當有限，因此在運送花卉的過程中，冷鏈管理攸關到花卉的品質，同時也影響到花卉的市場價值。花卉供應鏈在現階段，仍然有溫度控制以及時效性的問題。而在全球化下，花卉的運送需要更長的時間，因此花卉供應鏈需要更好的冷鏈管理，以減少花卉失去價值的風險。另一方面，在全球化下的花卉供應鏈，涉及到國際供應鏈，在貿易過程中有許多的參與者包括，出口商、進口商、物流業者、銀行、政府機關等，因為參與者所使用的資訊系統不同、交易過程擁有大量的文件和訊息需要傳遞、交易時程長等種種原因，造成在國際供應鏈上可能產生利益糾紛、文件遺失的問題。區塊鏈技術的誕生，為上述所提及到花卉供應鏈的問題帶來改善的可能性。
台灣的蘭花產業在國際上極具競爭力，因此本研究針對台灣冷鏈產品蘭花進行個案分析，希望能夠運用區塊鏈的技術解決現有在台灣蘭花產業所遇到的挑戰與貧頸。在研究的過程中發現過去在探討冷鏈的文獻甚少，而區塊鏈應用於冷鏈的研究尚未有深入剖析，希望能透過此研究實際將區塊鏈導入花卉供應鏈中，並探討對於區塊鏈應用於冷鏈的可能性以及效益。
本研究利用由Linux發起研究區塊鏈的基金會Hyperledger平台底下的區塊鏈架構Fabric以及工具Composer，建構出符合花卉供應鏈出口流程的區塊鏈，利用區塊鏈共享帳本、可追朔、不可逆、不可篡改的特性，增加供應鏈的資訊透明度，並且防止資料的偽造以及簡化出口流程。此研究最後會利用模擬分析的方式，比較現有流程與導入區塊鏈後的時間差異。;The flower industry is a rapidly developing and globalized industry. Flowers are very perishable products, and their life cycle is quite limited. Therefore, in the process of delivering flowers, cold chain management is critical to the quality of flowers and also affects the market value of flowers. At present, there are still problems with temperature control and timeliness of flowers. In the context of globalization, the flower supply chain needs better cold chain management to reduce the risk of losing the value of flowers. On the other hand, the flower supply chain under globalization involves the international supply chain. In the process of trade, there are many participants, including exporters, importers, logistics operators, banks, government agencies, etc. Due to the different information systems used between roles, the large number of documents and messages needed to be delivered in the transaction process, and the long transaction duration, disputes of interest and document loss may occur in the international supply chain. The birth of blockchain technology brings the possibility of improvement to the problems mentioned above.
In this research, the blockchain framework Fabric and the tool Composer under the Hyperledger platform, a foundation for blockchain research initiated by Linux, are used to construct a blockchain that conforms to the export process of the flower supply chain in Taiwan. The blockchain which has Irreversible, and non-tamperable features and the feature of decentralization. The features allow it to increase the transparency of information in the supply chain, and prevent the forgery of data and simplify the export process. Finally, this research uses simulation to compare the time difference between the existing process and the adoption of the blockchain. |
