皮膚表皮葡萄球菌作為電力活性菌以抑制痤瘡丙酸桿菌;Skin Staphyloccus epidermidis as an electroactive microbe against Cutibacterium acnes

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Title:	皮膚表皮葡萄球菌作為電力活性菌以抑制痤瘡丙酸桿菌;Skin Staphyloccus epidermidis as an electroactive microbe against Cutibacterium acnes
Authors:	施芯蒂;Marito, Shinta
Contributors:	生醫科學與工程學系
Date:	2021-07-27
Issue Date:	2021-12-07 11:28:25 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	Abstract in Chinese 抗生素用於青春痘治療或是直接透過皮膚益生菌──表皮葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. epidermidis) 來對抗與青春痘相關的細菌 ── 痤瘡丙酸桿菌 (Cutibacterium acnes, C. acnes)，可能會導致皮膚菌叢失衡的現象。透過各式樣的碳元，可以引出表皮葡萄球菌不同的益生菌活性。以含豐富碳元的聚乙二醇-8 月桂酸酯為例，它可以選擇性讓 S. epidermidis 發酵而不使 C. acnes 發酵，而藉由聚乙二醇 -8 月桂酸酯發酵的 S. epidermidis 可以明顯減少 C. acnes 的生長，同時在小鼠實驗上，亦可以抑制 C. acnes 誘導的巨噬細胞炎性蛋白 2(macrophage-inflammatory protein 2, MIP-2)生成。除此之外，發酵產物亦可以增強市面上販售的抗生素抗菌的功效，在常見的克林黴素(Clindamycin)上，以低劑用量搭配發酵產物即可抑制 C. acnes 形成菌落同時減少 MIP-2 生成。聚乙二醇-8 月桂酸酯在 S. epidermidis 發酵上扮演重要的佐劑，同時亦可以幫助 Clindamycin 抗菌的功能。這樣同時具有減少抗生素用量以避免副作用及維持皮膚菌叢平衡的治療方式，在治療青春痘的應用上可以譜出嶄新的頁面。我們亦透過 FerroZine 試劑變化來鑑定了 S. epidermidis 為產電菌株，抑制親環蛋白 A 可以大幅減弱微生物燃料電池的電壓變化。聚乙二醇-8 月桂酸酯作為電子給體讓 S. epidermidis 產生電性，或是調和親環蛋白來誘導出電流，藉此產生抗菌功能。S. epidermidis 產生的電性也能即時授與青春痘患部的先天免疫系統，這樣從細胞內外間的電子轉移可以作為選擇性標的病源細菌的替代方案;Abstract in English Antibiotics without selectivity for acne treatment or probiotic treatment by direct application of live Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), to fight Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), associated with inflammatory acne vulgaris, may result in microbial dysbiosis in the human microbiome. The probiotic activity of skin Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) bacteria can elicit diverse biological functions via the fermentation of various carbon sources. By using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-8 Laurate, a carbon-rich molecule, can selectively induce the fermentation of S. epidermidis, not Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), a bacterium associated with acne vulgaris. The PEG-8 Laurate fermentation of S. epidermidis remarkably diminished the growth of C. acnes and the C. acnes-induced production of pro-inflammatory macrophage- inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) cytokines in mice. Fermentation media enhanced the anti-C. acnes activity of a low dose (0.1%) clindamycin, a prescription antibiotic commonly used to treat acne vulgaris, in terms of the suppression of C. acnes colonization and MIP-2 production. The PEG-8 Laurate fermentation of S. epidermidis displayed the adjuvant effect on promoting the efficacy of low-dose clindamycin against C. acnes. Targeting C. acnes by lowering the required doses of antibiotics may avoid the risk of creating drug-resistant C. acnes and maintain the bacterial homeostasis in the skin microbiome, leading to a novel modality for the antibiotic treatment of acne vulgaris. We have also identified the S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 as an electrogenic bacterial strain using a ferrozine investigation. Transferring electrons from the cytosol to the exterior of the cell via the EET process represents an alternative strategy that may selectively target pathogenic bacteria. The fermentation of PEG – 8 Laurate produced by S. epidermidis may generate electricity through PEG-8 Laurate as an electron donor or mediate cyclophilin A to elicit an electrical current that has anti-C. acnes effects. Electricity generated by S. epidermidis may confer immediate innate immunity in acne lesions to rein in the overgrowth of C. acnes at the ii onset of acne vulgaris. Inhibition of Cyclophilin A of S. epidermidis significantly reduced the bacterial electricity measured in a fuel cell by voltage changes (MFC)
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