本文以一個台灣經濟資料調校的動態隨機一般均衡模型, 結合外部性、耐久財以及能源消費之設定, 探討碳排放總量管制政策以及能源補貼對於整體經濟的影響。模型中, 碳排放與環境污染是來自於廠商生產以及家戶部門之能源使用。本文發現碳排放總量管制能有效抑制經濟波動, 並改善碳排放水準及環境品質。在油價升高衝擊下進行福利分析, 本文發現不論有無環境政策, 對於家戶以及廠商之能源補貼程度越高, 福利水準會改善越多。本文進一步探討在不同能源補貼情境之下, 環境政策對福利的影響, 發現在資本稅率高於勞動所得稅率的稅制下, 實施碳排放總量管制政策能夠有效提升整體福利水準。;Based on a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, this thesis assesses the welfare consequences of adopting an environmental policy and energy price subsidies for the economy of Taiwan. The model allows for environmental externality from using energy in production and consumption. We find that an emission cap policy can effectively dampen macroeconomic fluctuations while improve air quality. A welfare analysis is conducted to study the effects of subsidies after an energy price shock. We find that, regardless what the cap policy is, welfare gains expand as the energy subsides to firms and households increase. On the other hand, when the taxation scheme is to set the capital income tax rate higher than the wage income tax rate, the implementation of cap increases welfare under all subsidy scenarios.
