全球運籌配銷策略模式之研究; -以工業電腦產業為例 Distribution Strategic Model for Global Logistics: Case of The Industrial PC Industry

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题名:	全球運籌配銷策略模式之研究;-以工業電腦產業為例 Distribution Strategic Model for Global Logistics: Case of The Industrial PC Industry
作者:	林欣宜;Hsin-Yi Lin
贡献者:	土木工程研究所
关键词:	配銷模式;全球運籌;工業電腦;IPC;Distributing Model;Global Logistics
日期:	2003-06-26
上传时间:	2009-09-18 17:14:13 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	「物流活動如同一經濟的黑暗大陸( The economy’s dark continent )」Drucker(1962)。隨著資訊科技( I T )的日新月異與產業全球化的發展趨勢，現代化企業無不將物流( Logistics )、全球運籌( Global Logistics, G L )當成企業降低成本、強化競爭力的武器。緣此，本研究以工業電腦產業為研究對象，依據少量多樣、自創品牌、自行研發與行銷等產銷特性，嘗試以三種全球運籌模式，考量產業差異、產品特性，以解析方式解釋各全球運籌配銷模式之定義，勾勒各全球運籌配銷模式之配銷成本函數，構建工業電腦產業全球運籌配銷模式。為評估此模式績效，本研究經過產業瞭解與個案廠商訪談，將一般化最小配銷成本之最佳化配銷策略組合數學模式依照個案廠商各區域運籌中心實際營運情形加以修正，再利用個案廠商之歷史資料實際驗證本研究提出之數學模式之效用。而為了符合個案廠商未來或正規劃實施之實際營運方向，本研究研擬若干情境，測試不同情境下配銷策略與成本的改變情況，以勾劃出值得參考的建議，並藉以提供實務界作為求解實際問題時有效的工具。在求解的方法上，本研究採用ILOG軟體執行最小成本之最佳化組合問題模式，並以C語言撰寫輸入檔程式。實證結果顯示，直接運送全球運籌配銷模式確能由於存貨成本的節省，而有效的達到較少配銷成本之配銷策略；組裝中心全球運籌配銷模式的運輸比例，以空海運各半時配銷成本為最高。另，為讓直接運送政策可以順利執行，本研究設計符合個案公司以往983之交期服務水準之情境，經測試結果顯示，配銷策略會傾向三種全球運籌配銷模式共用，此情況與其他產業已經施行直接運送全球運籌模式之實際營運狀況吻合。而開放空域後的大陸市場，其全球運籌配銷策略的選擇結果與適用一般模式之美洲和歐洲區域運籌中心全球運籌配銷策略之選擇結果雷同。 The rapid innovation of information technology leads the improvement of logistical equipment quickly forward. Logistics and Global Logistics (GL) therefore become powerful instruments for the corporate to cut cost and strengthen their competitiveness. This study concentrates on IPC which featured by a small amount and various characteristics, self-owned brands, R&D and marketing independently. Based on three global logistic models and considering the industrial differentials as well as product specialties, this study attempts to define the Global Logistics Distributing, display the distributing function and proposing a IPC global logistic distributing model. To evaluate the performance of the model, this study referred to both academic research and industry interviews, and modified the generalized minimal distributing cost of optimized distributing cost strategies model according to the real operating status in the regional logistic centers of the base case. Furthermore, the historical documents are used to demonstrate the model presented by this study for the case corporate. This study also designed several presumption to test the differences of distributing strategies and cost in various contexts, in order to apply the current and even future operating guidance for the corporate. In this way, the study can be applied in real practice as a workable solution for enterprise. In regard to analyzing practice, this study applied ILOG to run the model, and C programming language for input data. The result of analyzing shows that the direct shipment model is actually an efficient way of global logistic distribution for which costs less owing to the reduction of inventory. As the rate of transporting in configuration center global logistic distributing model, it costs the most to carry by air and sea half-and-half. Meanwhile, in order to effectively execute direct shipment strategy and conform to the level of service of due day in the past is 983 of the case corporate, this study also designate an achievable and affordable requirement for all models and products. According to the results of tests, it suggested that a combination of three models is the best compromise. This also comes in line with the real operating practices in other industries. As for the Chinese market after easing from regulation on air-flight, the selection for distributing strategies and global logistic centers would be the same as the markets in America and Europe.
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