如今3D(Three Dimensional)列印技術非常成熟，3D列印材料中丙烯?-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚合物(Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate, ASA)與常見的丙烯?-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, ABS)相似。保留原始ABS的機械性質，ASA具有抗紫外線照射引起的老化現象，提升了材料的抗老化與耐侯特性，因此ASA常用於需要長期在戶外使用的產品或零件。Very Small Aperture Terminal(VSAT)碟型天線的安裝需要長期安裝於戶外環境，3D列印時常運用於樣品設計或小量生產取代模具開發與修改的費用。藉此達到產品輕量化與降低成本之目標，並且配合具有耐候性的3D列印材料，確保在戶外環境的使用壽命。本文結合3D列印技術與ASA線材進行田口方法分析，得到其材料的彈性模數。後續利用有限元素法進行VSAT天線強度的分析，確保以ASA線材所列印出的天線零件樣品達到強度標準，天線指向偏移0.4°以內。 綜合上述，本研究利用熔融沉積成型技術，主要內容分為三部分。第一部分是以ASA線材，藉由3D列印設備的參數調整獲得最佳之彈性模數。第二部分為3D列印材料之耐候特性之探討，將不同材料列印出的試片進行三百小時的耐人工氣候加速戶外檢驗測試，模擬氣候腐蝕，到達制定時間後進行材料抗拉強度測試。第三部分利用有限元素法以ASA材料所設計的VSAT零件進行強度分析。確認天線設計有達到強度標準後，進行實際之樣品3D列印。3D列印之天線樣品重量與原先鐵材所設計之天線設計減少35%，且以模擬風洞測試之方式檢測天線強度於標準之內。最後，提出可能改進的建議及未來之應用。 ;Nowadays, 3D (Three Dimensional) printing is a mature technology. ASA’s(Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate) mechanical properties is similar to ABS’s(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). In addition, ASA has been performed ultraviolet resistance and resisted decomposition caused by high temperature in the atmospheric oxidation process. ASA has been improved aging resistance and weather resistance compare with ABS. Therefore, ASA is usually suitable for products that are used outdoors for a long time. VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal) antenna needs to be installed in an outdoor environment for a long time. In the field of communication equipment, 3D printing is used to replace the cost of mold development and modification, sample design or small-batch production. Communication equipment takes advantage of 3D printing to reduce the cost and lightweight. Besides, 3D printing with weather resistance material increases of service life during an outdoor environment. This paper used Taguchi method analysis to obtain the ASA′s elastic modulus in 3D printing. Then it analyzed the strength of VSAT antenna with finite element method. The standard is antenna pointing deviation within 0.4°. In summary, this research used fused deposition modeling(FDM) technology with ASA. This paper have been divided into three parts: First of all, using 3D printing with ASA material printed samples which can get the best elastic modulus by parameters of the 3D printing equipment. The second part is the discussion of the weather resistance of 3D printing materials. The different material samples were going to do 300 hours of artificial weather resistance test which simulate outdoor climate corrosion. After the time is reached, samples are tested the tensile strength and compare with the original samples. The third part is the strength analysis of the VSAT antenna with ASA material using finite element method. After confirming the antenna structure design, it will be produced by 3D printing. The weight of the 3D printed antenna structure sample is reduced by 35% compared with the original design which material is iron. Furthermore, 3D printed sample’s strength is within the standard level. Finally, recommending improvements and future applications.
