系統化空氣品質管理制度之發展;The Development of Air Quality Management System through Systematic Approach

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題名:	系統化空氣品質管理制度之發展;The Development of Air Quality Management System through Systematic Approach
作者:	廖沁蓉;Liao, Chin-Jung
貢獻者:	環境工程研究所
關鍵詞:	空氣品質管理;系統化;產品生命週期;危害的管理與控制;air quality management;systematic;product life cycle;hazard management and control
日期:	2021-10-04
上傳時間:	2021-12-07 13:35:01 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	隨著科學與工業的發展，事業單位利用毒性及關注化學物質來提升與改善生產製造的效率與效益已成為常見的案例，但不當的利用或製造毒性及關注化學物質將會直接對人類或生物造成致命的傷害，甚至若無有效的規範或管制，可能形成有害空氣污染物，透過空氣、水體、土壤或產出的產品、副產品、廢棄物等媒介，而對人類或生物的生命與健康造成負面的影響。為了落實降低有害空氣污染物對於人類或生物的生命與健康所造成的傷害，我國環保署於民國107年8月1日公告空氣污染防制法修正案，加強對於有害空氣污染物的管制，並於民國108年5月13日增訂「應設置空氣污染防制專責單位或專責人員及健康風險評估專責人員之公私場所」草案，優先納管有排放有害空氣污染物之虞的產業，並增訂應設置健康風險評估專責人員之公私場所規定。然而，既有的空氣品質管理制度，在管理工作與執法層面上，主要是採用熱點區域管制的概念，而缺乏整體性的考量，無法確實進行有害空氣污染物的管理與控制。因此，應基於系統的世界觀來發展一個系統化的空氣品質管理制度，依循產品生命週期的概念來盤查物質或有害物質在採擷、生產、運輸、使用、廢棄、處理及處置等活動當中可能產生危害的來源，並依循危害的作用機制來鑑別真正會對接觸者健康造成損害的空氣污染物與危害來源，以及分析危害會造成的發生機率與影響程度，以瞭解危害的發生過程，據此來探討空氣品質管理的工作事務與各政府機關單位的分工權責，以發展空氣品質管理的組織與運作機制，才能夠發展出維持與保護在接觸或使用環境資源過程中人類與生物其生命與健康的安全之管理制度。;With the development of science and industry, it has become a common case for public institutions to use toxicity and chemical substances of concern to enhance and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of manufacturing. However, improper use or manufacture of toxic and concerned chemicals will directly affect human health, and may even form hazardous air pollutants and cause chronic diseases to humans. On August 1, 2018, the Environmental Protection Agency announced an amendment to the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law to control hazardous air pollutants. After that, it has successively added many related control regulations, hoping to reduce the harm caused by hazardous air pollutants to the lives and health of humans or organisms. Nevertheless, the existing air quality management system mainly adopts the concept of hot spot control in terms of management and law enforcement. It lacks overall considerations and cannot reliably manage and control hazardous air pollutants. Therefore, a systematic air quality management system should be developed based on a systematic world view. Follow the concept of product life cycle to check the sources of possible hazards of substances or hazardous substances in the activities of picking, production, transportation, use, abandonment, processing and disposal. And follow the hazard mechanism to identify air pollutants and sources of hazards that actually cause harm to human or biological health. Then we can assess the probability and degree of the hazard affecting health. Based on this result, we will discuss the work affairs of air quality management and the division of powers and responsibilities of various government agencies, so as to develop the organization and operation mechanism of air quality management. In this way, we can develop a management system to protect human and biological health.
顯示於類別:	[環境工程研究所 ] 博碩士論文

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